Botanical species · safety record
Amaranthus cruentus
The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 19 constituent measurements and 1 adverse-effect record for Amaranthus cruentus. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.
Accepted name in source: Amaranthus cruentus L.
Regulatory presence
Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 48 licensed products naming Amaranthus cruentus as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.
Source material stated
What the records describe
Constituents measured
- Gallic acid4
- Oxalates3
- P-coumaric acid3
- Cyanide2
- Nitrate2
- Triterpene saponins2
- Alkaloids1
- Betalains1
- Tannins1
Plant parts
- Leaves10
- Seed5
- Sprout4
Preparations
- Solvent extraction12
- Drying (dehydration)1
Effect types
- Neurotoxicity1
Target tissues
- Neurologic1
Recorded constituents
What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.
| Substance | Plant part | Preparation | Concentration | Analytical method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | Resolve DOI |
| Betalains | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | Resolve DOI |
| Gallic acid | Sprout | Solvent extraction | ≤ 370 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-DAD | Resolve DOI |
| Gallic acid | Sprout | Solvent extraction | ≥ 350 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-DAD | Resolve DOI |
| Gallic acid | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≤ 440 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-DAD | Resolve DOI |
| Gallic acid | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≥ 400 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-DAD | Resolve DOI |
| Oxalates | Leaves | Drying (dehydration) | 16.72 Percent | Unspecified | Resolve DOI |
| P-coumaric acid | Sprout | Solvent extraction | ≥ 4.4 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-DAD | Resolve DOI |
| P-coumaric acid | Sprout | Solvent extraction | ≤ 42.2 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-DAD | Resolve DOI |
| P-coumaric acid | Seed | Solvent extraction | 3.9 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-DAD | Resolve DOI |
| Tannins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | Resolve DOI |
| Triterpene saponins | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.79 Milligram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| Triterpene saponins | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≤ 1.86 Milligram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| Cyanide | Leaves | — | ≤ 258.38 Milligram/kilogram | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
| Cyanide | Leaves | — | ≥ 188.18 Milligram/kilogram | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
| Nitrate | Leaves | — | ≤ 26.99 Milligram/kilogram | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
| Nitrate | Leaves | — | ≥ 10.71 Milligram/kilogram | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
| Oxalates | Leaves | — | ≥ 2.52 Milligram/kilogram | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
| Oxalates | Leaves | — | ≤ 4.92 Milligram/kilogram | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
Recorded adverse effects
Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.
| Effect | Target tissue | Plant part | Preparation | Test organism | Test type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic | — | — | Hamster (as animal) | Acute toxicity | Resolve DOI |
Cited sources
The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.
- Oleszek, W., Junkuszew, M., Stochmal, A. Determination and toxicity of saponins from Amaranthus cruentus seeds. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 1999, vol. 47, no. 9, p. 3685-3687. DOI
- Pasko, P., Sajewicz, M., Gorinstein, S., Zachwieja, Z. Analysis of Selected Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids in Amaranthus cruentus and Chenopodium quinoa Seeds and Sprouts by HPLC . Acta chromatographica, 2008, vol. 20, no. 4, p. 661-672. DOI
- Pandey, Stuti., Ganeshpurkar, Aditya., Bansal, Divya., Dubey, Nazneen. Hematopoietic Effect of Amaranthus cruentus Extract on Phenylhydrazine-Induced Toxicity in Rats . Journal of dietary supplements, 2016, vol. 13, no. 6, p. 607-615. DOI
- Musa, Amanabo., Oladiran, Johnson A., Ezenwa, Matthew I. S., Akanya, Helmina O., Ogbadoyi, Emmanuel O. The effects of applied nitrogen fertilizer and leaf positions on levels of micronutrients, anti-nutrients and toxic substances in Amaranthus cruentus . African journal of biotechnology, 2011, vol. 10, no. 48, p. 9857-9863.
- Radek, M., Savage, G. P. Oxalates in some Indian green leafy vegetables. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 2008, vol. 59, no. 3, p. 246-260. DOI
Boundary
A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.
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