Botanical species · safety record

Anacardium occidentale

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 11 constituent measurements, 10 adverse-effect records and 2 genotoxicity assays for Anacardium occidentale. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Anacardium occidentale L.

11Constituent measurements

12Safety records

7Cited sources

23Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 23 licensed products naming Anacardium occidentale as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Source material stated

Crushed dried fruit
Crushed, dried fruit
Juice from the layer between the pod and the kernel of the fruit
jus de la couche entre l'enveloppe et le noyau du fruit

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Anacardic acid	Seed	—	—	Unspecified	Resolve DOI
Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins)	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Saponins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Hydrogen cyanide (cyanides expressed as hydrogen cyanide)	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	2.79 Milligram/kilogram	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Lariciresinol	Seed	Solvent extraction	496 Microgram/100 gram	LC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Nitrate	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	57.43 Milligram/kilogram	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Nitrites	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	1.38 Milligram/kilogram	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Pinoresinol	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	LC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Secoisolarisiresinol	Seed	Solvent extraction	133 Microgram/100 gram	LC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Tannins	Husk	Solvent extraction	≤ 5.82 Milligram/millilitre	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Tannins	Husk	Solvent extraction	≥ 4.79 Milligram/millilitre	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Immunotoxicity	Cardiovascular / haematological	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Immunotoxicity	Cardiovascular / haematological	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Nephrotoxicity	Urogenital: kidneys	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Nephrotoxicity	Urogenital: kidneys	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	—	Seed	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Pulmonary and cardiac	Heart	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	—	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	—	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic: central nervous system	Fruit unspecified	Raw, no heat treatment	Cattle (as animal)	Case report	No resolvable identifier

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Not applicable	gene mutation	bacterial gene mutation assay	Salmonella typhimurium (as organism)	With and without	Resolve DOI
Positive	chromosome aberration	micronucleus assay	House mouse (as animal)	—	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Konan, Nzi Andre., Bacchi, Elfriede Marianne., Lincopan, Nilton., Varela, Soraya Duarte., Varanda, Eliana Aparecida. Acute, subacute toxicity and genotoxic effect of a hydroethanolic extract of the cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) . Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2007, vol. 110, no. 1, p. 30-38. DOI
Ribeiro Filho, Martim Rodrigues., Soto-Blanco, Benito. Poisoning by Cashew Apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Cattle. Acta scientiae veterinariae, 2012, vol. 40, no. 4.
Kiong, L.S., Tyman, J.H.P. Long-chain phenols. Part 18. Conversion of anacardic acid into urushiol. Journal of the chemical society, perkin transactions 1, 1981, p. 1942-1952. DOI
Harlita., Niken Satuti, N.H., Sagi, M., Astuti, P. Acute toxicity of cashew nut shell extract (Anacardium occidentale L.) in albino rat (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout 1769). Pakistan journal of biological sciences, 2016, vol. 19, no. 2, p. 89-94. DOI
Nallabilli, Lokeshwari. Utilization of natural tannins from Anacardium Occidentalis testa for producing the industrially important gallic acid through submerged fermentation. World journal of pharmaceutical research, 2016, vol. 5, no. 8, p. 861-864.
Milder, Ivon E. J., Arts, Ilja C. W., van de Putte, Betty., Venema, Dini P., Hollman, Peter C. H. Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: A database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol. British journal of nutrition, 2005, vol. 93, no. 3, p. 393-402.
Uhegbu, Friday O., Elekwa, Ifeanyi., Iweala, Emeka E. J., Kanu, Ijeoma. Cyanide, nitrate and nitrite content of some leafy vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the South-East of Nigeria. Pakistan journal of nutrition, 2011, vol. 10, no. 12, p. 1190-1194.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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