Botanical species · safety record

Artemisia annua

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 16 constituent measurements, 1 adverse-effect record and 1 genotoxicity assay for Artemisia annua. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Artemisia annua L.

16Constituent measurements

2Safety records

5Cited sources

279Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 279 licensed products naming Artemisia annua as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Dry
Extract Type TBA
Fresh
solid

Source material stated

Aerial parts
Artemisia annua, whole plant
Herb
Herb top
Herb top (stir-baked)
Husk
Leaf
New material

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Artemisinin	Unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	—	Resolve DOI
Artemisinin	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Scopoletin	Live plants	Solvent extraction	0.106 Millimole	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
(-)-camphor	Aerial part of plants	Essential oil	17.6 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
(-)-camphor	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≤ 30.7 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
(-)-camphor	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≥ 27.7 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
1,8-cineole	Aerial part of plants	Essential oil	1.4 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
1,8-cineole	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≤ 14 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
1,8-cineole	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≥ 12.8 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Artemisia ketone	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≤ 10.1 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Artemisia ketone	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≥ 9.5 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Esculetin	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC-MS/MS	No resolvable identifier
Eugenol	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	1.1 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Pinocarvone	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≤ 3.8 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Pinocarvone	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≥ 3.2 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Scopoletin	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC-MS/MS	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Reproductive	Urogenital	Unspecified	—	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Positive	DNA damage and/or repair	DNA damage and repair assay, unscheduled DNA synthesis in mammalian cells in vitro	Human (as organism)	—	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Bilia, Anna Rita., Flamini, Guido., Morgenni, Fabrizio., Isacchi, Benedetta., Vincieri, Franco Francesco. GC MS Analysis of the Volatile Constituents of Essential Oil and Aromatic Waters of Artemisia annua L. at Different Developmental Stages. Natural product communications, 2008, vol. 3, no. 12, p. 2075-2078.
Boareto, Ana C., Muller, Juliane C., Bufalo, Aedra C., Botelho, Giuliana G. K., de Araujo, Samanta L., Foglio, Mary Ann., de Morais, Rosana N., Dalsenter, Paulo R. Toxicity of artemisinin Artemisia annua L. in two different periods of pregnancy in Wistar rats. Reproductive toxicology, 2008, vol. 25, no. 2, p. 239-246. DOI
Aquino, I., Tsuboy, M. S. F., Marcarini, J. C., Mantovani, M. S., Perazzo, F. F., Maistro, E. L. Genotoxic evaluation of the antimalarial drugs artemisinin and artesunate in human HepG2 cells and effects on CASP3 and SOD1 gene expressions. Genetics and molecular research, 2013, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 2517-2527. DOI
Seo, Ean-Jeong., Saeed, Mohamed., Law, Betty Yuen Kwan., Wu, An Guo., Kadioglu, Onat., Greten, Henry Johannes., Efferth, Thomas. Pharmacogenomics of Scopoletin in Tumor Cells. Molecules, 2016, vol. 21, no. 4. DOI
Souleymane, Silue., Claude, Kablan Ahmont Landry., Karime, Coulibaly Wacothon., Constant, Ahoua Angora Remi., Guy, Kouassi Brou., Jacques, Konan Dibi., Faustin, Kabran Aka., Marcelline, Adiko N'dri., Aminata, Akoubet Ouayogode., Barthelemy, Attioua Koffi. Phytochemical investigation, antibacterial and acute toxicity properties of the methanolic extract from Artemisia annua l. (asteraceae), a plant during domestication in korhogo (Cote d'Ivoire). European journal of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences, 2018, vol. 5, no. 12, p. 457-463.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature