Botanical species · safety record

Borassus flabellifer

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 8 constituent measurements, 4 adverse-effect records and 1 genotoxicity assay for Borassus flabellifer. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Borassus flabellifer L.

8Constituent measurements

5Safety records

8Cited sources

0Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Borassoside d	Flower	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	Resolve DOI
Dioscin	Flower	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	Resolve DOI
Steroidal spirostane saponins	Flower	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	Resolve DOI
Alkaloids	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Flabelliferins	Seed	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.4 Milligram/100 gram	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier
Flabelliferins	Seed	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.15 Milligram/100 gram	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Tannins	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Shoot	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Shoot	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Chronic/long term toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Immunotoxicity	—	Shoot	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Other toxicities	—	Shoot	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Chronic/long term toxicity	No resolvable identifier

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Ambiguous	—	in vitro	Escherichia coli (as organism)	No data	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Aguzue, Onyinye Chinelo., Akanji, Fausat Temilola., Tafida, Muazu Abubakar., Kamal, Muhammed Jamal., Abdulahi, Surajo Habibu. Comparative chemical constituents of some desert fruits in Northern Nigeria. Archives of Applied Science Research, 2012, p. 1061-1064.
Jansz, E.R., Wickremasekara, N.T., Sumuduni, K.A.V. A review of the chemistry and biochemistry of seed shoot flour and fruit pulp of the palmyrah palm (borassus flabellifer L). Journal of the national science foundation of sri lanka, 2002, vol. 30, no. 1-2, p. 61-87.
ANDERSEN, PH., POULSEN, E. MUTAGENICITY OF FLOUR FROM THE PALMYRAH PALM BORASSUS-FLABELLIFER) IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM AND ESCHERICHIA-COLI. CANCER LETTERS, 1985, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 113-119. DOI
Yoshikawa, Masayuki., Xu, Fengming., Morikawa, Toshio., Pongpiriyadacha, Yutana., Nakamura, Seikou., Asao, Yasunobu., Kumahara, Akira., Matsuda, Hisashi. Medicinal flowers. XII. New spirostane-type steroid Saponins with antidiabetogenic activity from Borassus flabellifer. CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN, 2007, vol. 55, no. 2, p. 308-316. DOI
Sumudunie, KAV., Jansz, ER., Jayasekera, S., Wickramasinghe, SMDN. The neurotoxic effect of palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer) flour re-visited. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION, 2004, vol. 55, no. 8, p. 607-614. DOI
Panabokke, R.G., Arseculeratne, S.N. Veno occlusive lesions in the liver of rats after prolonged feeding with Palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer) flour. British Journal of Experimental Pathology, 1976, vol. 57, no. 2, p. 189-199.
ARSECULERATNE, SN., GREIG, JB., SIRISINHA, S. THE IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE EFFECT OF PALMYRAH (BORASSUS-FLABELLIFER) FLOUR IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH ITS NEUROTOXIC FRACTION . Asian pacific journal of allergy and immunology, 1984, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 13-16.
Arseculartne, S N. The toxicology of palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer) flour.. The ceylon medical journal, 1991, vol. 36, no. 4, p. 137-40.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature