Botanical species · safety record

Cassia fistula

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 29 constituent measurements, 2 adverse-effect records and 1 genotoxicity assay for Cassia fistula. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Cassia fistula L.

29Constituent measurements
3Safety records
11Cited sources
14Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 14 licensed products naming Cassia fistula as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

  • Dry

Source material stated

  • Fruit
  • Fruit flesh
  • Fruit pulp
  • Fruit pulp extract

What the records describe

Constituents measured

  • Physcion8
  • Anthraquinones4
  • Chrysophanol4
  • Rhein3
  • Sennoside a3
  • Alkaloids1
  • Anthraquinone1
  • Benzaldehyde1
  • Cardiac glycosides1
  • Coumarins1

Plant parts

  • Leaves13
  • Fruit unspecified6
  • Aerial part of plants4
  • Flower3
  • Seed3
  • Bark1
  • Stem1
  • stalk1

Preparations

  • Solvent extraction30

Effect types

  • Digestive1
  • Not reported1

Target tissues

  • Digestive1

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

SubstancePlant partPreparationConcentrationAnalytical methodSource
AlkaloidsLeavesSolvent extraction1.3 Gram/kilogramUnspecifiedResolve DOI
AnthraquinonesFruit unspecifiedSolvent extraction≥ 0.135 PercentHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)Resolve DOI
AnthraquinonesLeavesSolvent extractionHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)Resolve DOI
AnthraquinonesFruit unspecifiedSolvent extraction≤ 0.137 PercentHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)Resolve DOI
Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins)LeavesSolvent extraction31.6 Gram/kilogramUnspecifiedResolve DOI
RheinFruit unspecifiedSolvent extraction≥ 0.049 PercentHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)Resolve DOI
RheinFruit unspecifiedSolvent extraction≤ 0.055 PercentHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)Resolve DOI
RheinLeavesSolvent extractionColorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and PhotometryResolve DOI
SaponinsLeavesSolvent extraction8.3 Gram/kilogramUnspecifiedResolve DOI
Sennoside aLeavesSolvent extractionColorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and PhotometryResolve DOI
AnthraquinoneAerial part of plantsSolvent extractionNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)No resolvable identifier
AnthraquinonesBarkSolvent extractionHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)No resolvable identifier
BenzaldehydeFruit unspecifiedSolvent extractionNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)No resolvable identifier
Cardiac glycosidesLeavesSolvent extractionPhytochemical screeningNo resolvable identifier
ChrysophanolFlowerSolvent extraction10.8 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
ChrysophanolLeavesSolvent extraction12.1 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
ChrysophanolStem / stalkSolvent extraction4.6 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
ChrysophanolAerial part of plantsSolvent extraction0.28 PercentStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
CoumarinsAerial part of plantsSolvent extractionNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionSeedSolvent extraction≤ 5.1 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionAerial part of plantsSolvent extraction0.26 PercentStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionSeedSolvent extraction≥ 4.7 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionFlowerSolvent extraction≥ 5.1 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionFlowerSolvent extraction≤ 5.4 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionFruit unspecifiedSolvent extraction7.9 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionLeavesSolvent extraction≥ 5.1 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
PhyscionLeavesSolvent extraction≤ 7.5 Microgram/millilitreStandard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)No resolvable identifier
Sennoside aLeavesSolvent extraction≥ 3.45 Milligram/gramCoproantigen ELISANo resolvable identifier
Sennoside aLeavesSolvent extraction≤ 3.56 Milligram/gramCoproantigen ELISANo resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

EffectTarget tissuePlant partPreparationTest organismTest typeSource
DigestiveDigestiveSeedIn vitroResolve DOI
Not reportedLeavesSolvent extractionHouse mouse (as animal)Acute toxicityNo resolvable identifier

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

OutcomeEndpointTestTested organismMetabolic activationSource
Positivechromosome aberrationchromosome aberration assayHouse mouse (as animal)WithoutResolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

  1. Lee, CK., Lee, PH., Kuo, YH. The chemical constituents from the aril of Cassia fistula L.. Journal of the chinese chemical society, 2001, vol. 48, no. 6A, p. 1053-1058.
  2. Khan, M., Shingare, M.S., Siddiqui, A.R., Angadi, S.S., Maske, P.V., Yahya, M., Siddiqui, M.A. TLC-colourimetric estimation of free and combined forms of chrysophanol, emodin and physcione in some Cassia species. Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2005, vol. 67, no. 6, p. 767-770.
  3. Salem, AZM., Salem, MZM., El-Adawy, MM., Robinson, PH. Nutritive evaluations of some browse tree foliages during the dry season: Secondary compounds, feed intake and in vivo digestibility in sheep and goats. ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2006, vol. 127, no. 3-4, p. 251-267. DOI
  4. Sakulpanich, A., Chewchinda, S., Sithisarn, P., Gritsanapan, W. Standardization and toxicity evaluation of Cassia fistula pod pulp extract for alternative source of herbal laxative drug. Pharmacognosy journal, 2012, vol. 4, no. 28, p. 6-12. DOI
  5. Mukhopadhyay, MJ., Saha, A., Dutta, A., De, B., Mukherjee, A. Genotoxicity of sennosides on the bone marrow cells of mice. Food and chemical toxicology, 1998, vol. 36, no. 11, p. 937-940. DOI
  6. Morinaga, Osamu., Uto, Takuhiro., Sakamoto, Seiichi., Tanaka, Hiroyuki., Shoyama, Yukihiro. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for total sennosides using anti-sennoside A and anti-sennoside B monoclonal antibodies. Fitoterapia, 2009, vol. 80, no. 1, p. 28-31.
  7. Pandey, Prabhash K., Singh, Dushyant., Singh, Ranjan., Sinha, Mrityunjay K., Singh, Sangram., Jamal, Farrukh. Cassia fistula seed's trypsin inhibitor(s) as antibiosis agent in Helicoverpa armigera pest management . Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology, 2016, vol. 6, p. 202-208. DOI
  8. Bhakta, T., Deb, P.K., Bhaumik, K.N., Saha, J. Pharmacognostic investigation, acute toxicity studies and isolation of steroidal compound from the leaves of Cassia fistula Linn. International journal of pharmaceutical sciences review and research, 2014, vol. 25, no. 1, p. 210-214.
  9. Li, L., Xu, W.-X., Liu, C.-B., Zhang, C.-M., Zhao, W., Shang, S.-Z., Deng, L., Guo, Y.-D. A new anthraquinones from Cassia fistula and its cytotoxicity. Asian journal of chemistry, 2015, vol. 27, no. 9, p. 3527-3528. DOI
  10. Zhou, Min., Xing, Huan-Huan., Yang, Yan., Wang, Yue-De., Zhou, Kun., Dong, Wei., Li, Gan-Peng., Hu, Wei-Yao., Liu, Qiang., Li, Xue-Mei., . Three new anthraquinones from the twigs of Cassia fistula and their bioactivities. Journal of asian natural products research, 2017, p. Ahead of Print.
  11. Veerachari, U., Bopaiah, A.K. Preliminary phyto-chemical evaluation of the leaf extract of five cassia species. Journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2011, vol. 3, no. 5, p. 574-583.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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