Botanical species · safety record

Citrus maxima

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 4 constituent measurements and 4 adverse-effect records for Citrus maxima. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.

4Constituent measurements

4Safety records

4Cited sources

84Licensed products (Canada)

Also recorded as

Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck

Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 84 licensed products naming Citrus maxima as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Source material stated

Citrus maxima - Fruit
Exocarp
Fruit peel outer
New material
Peel
Pulp
Seed of fruit

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Myrcene	Fruit peel	Essential oil	—	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Coumarins	Fruit unspecified	Fresh	—	HPLC-UV	No resolvable identifier
Furanocoumarins	Fruit unspecified	Fresh	—	HPLC-UV	No resolvable identifier
Quinoline alkaloids	Bark	Solvent extraction	—	Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Digestive	Digestive	Fruit peel	Solvent extraction	—	In vitro	Resolve DOI
Digestive	Digestive	Fruit peel	Solvent extraction	—	In vitro	Resolve DOI
Digestive	Digestive	Fruit peel	Solvent extraction	—	In vitro	Resolve DOI
Digestive	Digestive	Fruit peel	Solvent extraction	—	In vitro	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Oboh, Ganiyu., Ademosun, Ayokunle O. Shaddock peels (Citrus maxima) phenolic extracts inhibit alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and angiotensin I-converting enzyme activities: a nutraceutical approach to diabetes management. . Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, 2011, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 148-52. DOI
Teng, WY., Huang, YL., Shen, CC., Huang, RL., Chung, RS., Chen, CC. Cytotoxic acridone alkaloids from the stem bark of Citrus maxima. JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2005, vol. 52, no. 6, p. 1253-1255.
Sun, Hao., Ni, Hui., Yang, Yuanfan., Chen, Feng., Cai, Huinong., Xiao, Anfeng. Sensory evaluation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the volatile extracts of pummelo (Citrus maxima) peel . Flavour and fragrance journal, 2014, vol. 29, no. 5, p. 305-312. DOI
Russo, M., Bonaccorsi, I., Torre, G., Cotroneo, A., Dugo, P., Mondello, L. Determination of bioactive compounds in the juice of pummelo (Citrus grandis osbeck). Natural product communications, 2013, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 171-174.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature