Botanical species · safety record
Corynocarpus laevigatus
The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 14 constituent measurements and 2 adverse-effect records for Corynocarpus laevigatus. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.
Accepted name in source: Corynocarpus laevigatus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
Regulatory presence
No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.
What the records describe
Constituents measured
- 3-nitropropionic acid4
- Karakin3
- Corynocarpin2
- Hiptagin2
- Cibarian1
- Corollin1
- Coronarian1
Plant parts
- Seed12
- Fruit unspecified2
- Fruit peel1
Preparations
- Solvent extraction9
Effect types
- Neurotoxicity2
Target tissues
- Neurologic: central nervous system2
Recorded constituents
What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.
| Substance | Plant part | Preparation | Concentration | Analytical method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-nitropropionic acid | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≤ 138.62 Gram/kilogram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| 3-nitropropionic acid | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≥ 50.25 Gram/kilogram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| 3-nitropropionic acid | Fruit unspecified | Solvent extraction | 18.57 Gram/kilogram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| 3-nitropropionic acid | Fruit peel | Solvent extraction | 4.38 Gram/kilogram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| Corollin | Seed | — | — | — | Resolve DOI |
| Corynocarpin | Seed | — | — | — | Resolve DOI |
| Hiptagin | Seed | — | — | — | Resolve DOI |
| Karakin | Fruit unspecified | — | — | — | Resolve DOI |
| Cibarian | Seed | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | No resolvable identifier |
| Coronarian | Seed | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | No resolvable identifier |
| Corynocarpin | Seed | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | No resolvable identifier |
| Hiptagin | Seed | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | No resolvable identifier |
| Karakin | Seed | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | No resolvable identifier |
| Karakin | Seed | — | — | — | No resolvable identifier |
Recorded adverse effects
Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.
| Effect | Target tissue | Plant part | Preparation | Test organism | Test type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic: central nervous system | Seed | — | Bird (as animal) | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic: central nervous system | — | — | Human (as organism) | Case report | No resolvable identifier |
Cited sources
The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.
- MacAskill, J. J., Manley-Harris, M., Field, Richard J. Quantification of nitropropanoyl glucosides in karaka nuts before and after treatment. FOOD CHEMISTRY, 2015, vol. 175, p. 543-548. DOI
- MAJAK, W., BENN, M. ADDITIONAL ESTERS OF 3-NITROPROPANOIC ACID AND GLUCOSE FROM FRUIT OF THE NEW-ZEALAND KARAKA TREE, CORYNOCARPUS-LAEVIGATUS. PHYTOCHEMISTRY, 1994, vol. 35, no. 4, p. 901-903.
- Shaw, Stephanie D., Billing, Tony. Karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatus) toxicosis in North Island brown kiwi (Apteryx mantelli).. Veterinary Clinics of North America Exotic Animal Practice, 2006, vol. 9, no. 3, p. 545-549. DOI
- Anderson, RC., Majak, W., Rassmussen, MA., Callaway, TR., Beier, RC., Nisbet, DJ., Allison, MJ. Toxicity and metabolism of the conjugates of 3-nitropropanol and 3-nitropropionic acid in forages poisonous to livestock. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 2005, vol. 53, no. 6, p. 2344-2350. DOI
- Slaughter, Robin J., Beasley, D Michael G., Lambie, Bruce S., Wilkins, Gerard T., Schep, Leo J. Poisonous plants in New Zealand: a review of those that are most commonly enquired about to the National Poisons Centre.. The New Zealand medical journal, 2012, vol. 125, no. 1367, p. 87-118.
Boundary
A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.
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