Botanical species · safety record

Cynanchum viminale

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 8 constituent measurements and 8 adverse-effect records for Cynanchum viminale. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Cynanchum viminale (L.) L.

8Constituent measurements

8Safety records

9Cited sources

0Licensed products (Canada)

Also recorded as

Sarcostemma viminale (L.) R.Br.

Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.

Regulatory presence

No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Saponins	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Sarcovimiside b	Live plants	Solvent extraction	5.26 Milligram/kilogram	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Sarcovimisides	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Tannins	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Cardenolides	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	No resolvable identifier
Indole	Flower	Fresh	14.3 Percent	—	No resolvable identifier
Pinoresinol	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	No resolvable identifier
Pregnane derivatives	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Live plants	Drying (dehydration)	Bird (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Nephrotoxicity	Urogenital: kidneys	Live plants	Drying (dehydration)	Bird (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Brain	Live plants	Drying (dehydration)	Bird (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic	Live plants	—	Horse (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic	Live plants	—	Ruminants (generic) (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Pulmonary and cardiac	Lung	Live plants	Drying (dehydration)	Bird (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Pulmonary and cardiac	Heart	Live plants	Drying (dehydration)	Bird (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Pulmonary and cardiac	Respiratory	Live plants	Drying (dehydration)	Bird (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Cooper, Ross G. Poisoning in ostriches following ingestion of toxic plants - field observations. TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION, 2007, vol. 39, no. 6, p. 439-442. DOI
VLEGGAAR, R., VAN HEERDEN, FR., ANDERSON, LAP., ERASMUS, GL. TOXIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE ASCLEPIADACEAE - STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF SARCOVIMISIDE A-C, PREGNANE GLYCOSIDES OF SARCOSTEMMA-VIMINALE. JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 1, 1993, no. 4, p. 483-487. DOI
Botha, C. J., Penrith, M. -L. Poisonous plants of veterinary and human importance in southern Africa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, 2008, vol. 119, no. 3, p. 549-558. DOI
Steyn, Douw G. Recent investigations into the toxicity of known and unknown poisonous plants in the Union of South Africa. VII. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 1937, p. 111-124.
Schaub, F., Kaufmann, H., Stoecklin, W., Reichstein, T. Glycosides and aglycons. CCCVII. Pregnane glycosides of the aerial parts of Sarcostemma viminale. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1968, p. 738-767.
Ahmad, Viqar Uddin., Zubair, Muhammad., Abbasi, Muhammad Athar., Kousar, Farzana., Nawaz, Sarfraz A., Choudhary, M. Iqbal., Hussaini, Syed Raziullah. Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory lignans from Sarcostemma viminale. Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, 2005, p. 167-171.
Schaub, F., Stoecklin, W., Reichstein, T. Glycosides and aglycons. CCCVIII. Structure of genins G (12-O-benzoyldeacetylmetaplexigenin) and H (di-O-benzoylviminolone) from Sarcostemma viminale stems. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1968, p. 767-772.
Girme, A.S., Bhalke, R.D., Nirmal, S.A., Chavan, M.J. Chromatographic and chemical analysis of Sarcostemma viminale R. Br.. Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine, 2014, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 279-284. DOI
Jurgens, Andreas., Dotterl, Stefan., Liede-Schumann, Sigrid., Meve, Ulrich. Chemical diversity of floral volatiles in Asclepiadoideae-Asclepiadeae (Apocynaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2008, p. 842-852.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature