Botanical species · safety record

Echium plantagineum

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 10 constituent measurements and 7 adverse-effect records for Echium plantagineum. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Echium plantagineum L.

10Constituent measurements

7Safety records

8Cited sources

11Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 11 licensed products naming Echium plantagineum as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Source material stated

Herb
Seed
Seed(s)

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Echimidine-n-oxide	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	Resolve DOI
Echiumine-n-oxide	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	Resolve DOI
Echiuplatine-n-oxide	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	Resolve DOI
Lycopsamine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	Resolve DOI
Naphthoquinones	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography	Resolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids	Flower	—	≥ 0.19 Percent	—	Resolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids	Leaves	—	0.46 Percent	—	Resolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids	Live plants	—	0.14 Percent	—	Resolve DOI
Retronecines	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	Resolve DOI
Uplandicine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	Resolve DOI

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Live plants	—	Horse (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	—	—	Sheep (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	—	—	Sheep (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Live plants	—	Sheep (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Live plants	—	Sheep (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Live plants	Drying (dehydration)	Rat (as animal)	Chronic/long term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Sheep (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Colegate, SM., Edgar, JA., Knill, AM., Lee, ST. Solid-phase extraction and HPLC-MS profiling of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides: a case study of Echium plantagineum . Phytochemical analysis, 2005, vol. 16, no. 2, p. 108-119. DOI
Zhu, Xiaocheng., Skoneczny, Dominik., Weidenhamer, Jeffrey D., Mwendwa, James M., Weston, Paul A., Gurr, Geoff M., Callaway, Ragan M., Weston, Leslie A. Identification and localization of bioactive naphthoquinones in the roots and rhizosphere of Paterson's curse (Echium plantagineum), a noxious invader . Journal of experimental botany, 2016, vol. 67, no. 12, p. 3777-3788. DOI
SEAMAN, JT., DIXON, RJ. INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE TOXICITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM IN SHEEP .2. PEN FEEDING EXPERIMENTS . Australian veterinary journal, 1989, vol. 66, no. 9, p. 286-292. DOI
GIESECKE, PR. SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY IN HORSES WITH ECHIUM POISONING. Australian veterinary journal, 1986, vol. 63, no. 3, p. 90-91. DOI
SEAMAN, JT. PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID POISONING OF SHEEP IN NEW-SOUTH-WALES. Australian veterinary journal, 1987, vol. 64, no. 6, p. 164-167. DOI
SEAMAN, JT. HEPATOGENOUS CHRONIC COPPER POISONING IN SHEEP ASSOCIATED WITH GRAZING ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM . Australian veterinary journal, 1985, vol. 62, no. 7, p. 247-248. DOI
PETERSON, JE., JAGO, MV. TOXICITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM (PATERSON CURSE) .2. PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID POISONING IN RATS . Australian journal of agricultural research, 1984, vol. 35, no. 2, p. 305-315. DOI
CULVENOR, CCJ., JAGO, MV., PETERSON, JE., SMITH, LW., PAYNE, AL., CAMPBELL, DG., EDGAR, JA., FRAHN, JL. TOXICITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM (PATERSON CURSE) .1. MARGINAL TOXIC EFFECTS IN MERINO WETHERS FROM LONG-TERM FEEDING . Australian journal of agricultural research, 1984, vol. 35, no. 2, p. 293-304. DOI

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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