Botanical species · safety record

Erythroxylum coca

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 52 constituent measurements and 1 adverse-effect record for Erythroxylum coca. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Erythroxylum coca Lam.

52Constituent measurements

1Safety records

11Cited sources

0Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Cocain	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.48 Percent	HPLC-UV	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.41 Percent	HPLC-UV	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.72 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.44 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.62 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Seed	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.019 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Seed	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.006 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Leaves	Solvent extraction	0.18 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cocain	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.004 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.17 Percent	GC-FID-MS	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.15 Percent	GC-FID-MS	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.04 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.02 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.17 Percent	LC-GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.25 Percent	LC-GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 11 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Cuscohygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 78 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Hygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.11 Percent	GC-FID-MS	Resolve DOI
Hygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.32 Percent	GC-FID-MS	Resolve DOI
Hygrine	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.005 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Hygrine	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.5 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Hygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.06 Percent	LC-GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Hygrine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.12 Percent	LC-GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≤ 40 Millimole/kilogram	LC-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≥ 20 Millimole/kilogram	LC-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 440 Millimole/kilogram	LC-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 40 Millimole/kilogram	LC-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	—	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	GC-FID-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Tropane alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropinone	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.011 Percent	GC-FID-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropinone	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.004 Percent	GC-FID-MS	Resolve DOI
Tropinone	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.02 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Tropinone	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.01 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Alkaloids	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	LC-GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Cocain	Leaves	—	≤ 0.99 Percent	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier
Cocain	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	LC-GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Cocain	Leaves	—	≥ 0.1 Percent	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier

40 of 52 records are shown, ordered so that records carrying a resolvable reference come first.

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Other toxicities	Digestive	Leaves	Raw, no heat treatment	Human (as organism)	Other	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Johnson, EL., Foy, CD. Biomass accumulation and alkaloid content in leaves of Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense var novogranatense grown in soil with varying pH . Journal of plant physiology, 1996, vol. 149, no. 3-4, p. 444-450.
Casale, JF., Toske, SG., Colley, VL. Alkaloid content of the seeds from Erythroxylum Coca var. Coca. Journal of forensic sciences, 2005, vol. 50, no. 6, p. 1402-1406.
JOHNSON, EL. CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF ERYTHROXYLUM-COCA LEAF ALKALOIDS. Annals of botany, 1995, vol. 76, no. 4, p. 331-335. DOI
Brachet, A., Mateus, L., Cherkaoui, S., Christen, P., Gauvrit, JY., Lanteri, P., Veuthey, JL. Application of central composite designs in the supercritical fluid extraction of tropane alkaloids in plant extracts . Analusis, 1999, vol. 27, no. 9, p. 772-779.
MOORE, JM., CASALE, JF., KLEIN, RFX., COOPER, DA., LYDON, J. DETERMINATION AND IN-DEPTH CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSES OF ALKALOIDS IN SOUTH-AMERICAN AND GREENHOUSE-CULTIVATED COCA LEAVES. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A, 1994, vol. 659, no. 1, p. 163-175. DOI
Johnson, EL. Alkaloid content in Erythroxylum coca tissue during reproductive development . Phytochemistry, 1996, vol. 42, no. 1, p. 35-38. DOI
Torre, Jose Carlos Pardo., Schmidt, Gregor W., Paetz, Christian., Reichelt, Michael., Schneider, Bernd., Gershenzon, Jonathan., D'Auria, John C. The biosynthesis of hydroxycinnamoyl quinate esters and their role in the storage of cocaine in Erythroxylum coca . Phytochemistry, 2013, vol. 91, p. 177-186. DOI
Ferreira, JFS., Duke, SO., Vaughn, KC. Histochemical and immunocytochemical localization of tropane alkaloids in Erythroxylum coca var. coca and E-novogranatense var. novogranatense . International journal of plant sciences, 1998, vol. 159, no. 3, p. 492-503. DOI
Nersesyan, Armen., Kundi, Michael., Krupitza, Georg., Barcelos, Gustavo., Misik, Miroslav., Wultsch, Georg., Carrion, Juan., Carrion-Carrera, Gladys., Knasmueller, Siegfried. Induction of nuclear anomalies in exfoliated buccal cells of coca chewers: results of a field study . Archives of toxicology, 2013, vol. 87, no. 3, p. 529-534. DOI
Glass, RL. Analysis of hygrine and cuscohygrine in Coca leaves using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography . Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 1997, vol. 45, no. 8, p. 3114-3117. DOI
Casale, JF., Moore, JM. Lesser alkaloids of cocaine-bearing plants .2. 3-Oxo-substituted tropane esters: Detection and mass spectral characterization of minor alkaloids found in South American Erythroxylum coca var coca . Journal of chromatography a, 1996, vol. 749, no. 1-2, p. 173-180. DOI

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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