Botanical species · safety record

Ficus carica

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 29 constituent measurements and 1 adverse-effect record for Ficus carica. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Ficus carica L.

29Constituent measurements

1Safety records

8Cited sources

74Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 74 licensed products naming Ficus carica as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Dry
Fresh

Source material stated

Blossoms
Bud
Buds
Ficus carica
Fruit
Fruit concentrate
Fruit fibre
Juice

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Angelicin	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Bergapten	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	Resolve DOI
Bergapten	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Cinnamaldehyde	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Eugenol	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Furanocoumarins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	Resolve DOI
Indole	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Bergamottin	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	0.2 Nanogram/gram	LC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Bergapten	Wood	Solvent extraction	≤ 1718.6 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Bergapten	Wood	Solvent extraction	≥ 144.2 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Bergapten	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy	No resolvable identifier
Bergapten	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	1.8 Nanogram/gram	LC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Bergapten	Bark	Solvent extraction	≤ 524 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Bergapten	Bark	Solvent extraction	≥ 114.3 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Cardiac glycosides	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Daidzein	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≤ 17.7 Microgram/kilogram	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Daidzein	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≥ 5 Microgram/kilogram	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Furanocoumarins	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy	No resolvable identifier
Genistein	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≤ 42 Microgram/kilogram	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Genistein	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≥ 13.9 Microgram/kilogram	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Psoralen	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy	No resolvable identifier
Psoralen	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	13.5 Nanogram/gram	LC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Psoralen	Bark	Solvent extraction	≤ 1671.8 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Psoralen	Bark	Solvent extraction	≥ 395.7 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Psoralen	Wood	Solvent extraction	≤ 1110.3 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Psoralen	Wood	Solvent extraction	≥ 146.6 Microgram/gram	HPLC-DAD	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Tannins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Leaves	Thermal treatment (heating for preservation)	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	No resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Liggins, J., Bluck, L. J. C., Runswick, S., Atkinson, C., Coward, W. A., Bingham, S. A. Daidzein and genistein content of fruits and nuts. Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2000, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 326-331.
Jain, Renuka., Jain, Satish C., Bhagchandani, Teena., Yadav, Namita. New Furanocoumarins and Other Chemical Constituents from Ficus carica Root Heartwood . Zeitschrift fur naturforschung section c-a journal of biosciences, 2013, vol. 68, no. 1-2, p. 3-7.
Melough, Melissa M., Lee, Sang Gil., Cho, Eunyoung., Kim, Kijoon., Provatas, Anthony A., Perkins, Christopher., Park, Min Kyung., Qureshi, Abrar., Chun, Ock K. Identification and Quantitation of Furocoumarins in Popularly Consumed Foods in the U.S. Using QuEChERS Extraction Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS Analysis. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2017, vol. 65, no. 24, p. 5049-5055.
Rouaiguia-Bouakkaz, Samia., Amira-Guebailia, Habiba., Riviere, Celine., Delaunay, Jean-Claude., Waffo-Teguo, Pierre., Merillon, Jean-Michel. Identification and Quantification of Furanocoumarins in Stem Bark and Wood of Eight Algerian Varieties of Ficus carica by RP-HPLC-DAD and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS . Natural product communications, 2013, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 485-486.
Gibernau, M., Buser, HR., Frey, JE., HossaertMcKey, M. Volatile compounds from extracts of figs of Ficus carica. Phytochemistry, 1997, vol. 46, no. 2, p. 241-244. DOI
Chung, Ill-Min., Kim, Sun-Jin., Yeo, Min-A., Park, Se-Won., Moon, Hyung-In. Immunotoxicity activity of natural furocoumarins from milky sap of Ficus carica L. against Aedes aegypti L. . Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology, 2011, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 515-518. DOI
Odo, G. E., Agwu, J. E., Newze, N., Nwadinigwa, A., Onyeke, C. C., Nzekwe, U., Ajuziogu, G. C., Osayi, E. I., Ikegbunam, C. Toxicity and effects of fig (Ficus carica) leaf aqueous extract on haematology and some biochemical indices of wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). Journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 22, p. 298-305.
Alvarado-Rico, Sonia., Castro, Ligia. Histolog�a del h�gado de ratas tratadas con una infusi�n de hojas de higuera (Ficus Carica): Reporte de caso . Revista de la facultad de ciencias veterinarias, 2010, vol. 51, no. 2, p. 099-103.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature