Botanical species · safety record

Gmelina arborea

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 26 constituent measurements, 2 adverse-effect records and 1 genotoxicity assay for Gmelina arborea. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Gmelina arborea Roxb.

26Constituent measurements

3Safety records

7Cited sources

16Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 16 licensed products naming Gmelina arborea as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Source material stated

Bark extract
Root
Root bark
Root extract
Stem bark
Stem bark extract

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Alkaloids	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Coumarins	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Lignans	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Sterols, total	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Tannins	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	Resolve DOI
Umbelliferone	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.092 Percent	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	Resolve DOI
Umbelliferone	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.067 Percent	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	Resolve DOI
Alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Alkaloids	Leaves	—	0.06 Milligram/100 gram	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Alkaloids	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Cyanogenic glycosides	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.57 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Cyanogenic glycosides	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.53 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Cyanogenic glycosides	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.54 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Cyanogenic glycosides	Seed	—	3.75 Milligram/100 gram	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier
Cyanogenic glycosides	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≤ 1.1 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Oxalates	Seed	—	9.16 Percent	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier
Phytic acid	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.23 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Phytic acid	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.42 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Phytic acid	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.23 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Phytic acid	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.69 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≤ 8.95 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Leaves	—	3.85 Milligram/100 gram	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Seed	—	6.98 Percent	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≥ 14.9 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Stem / stalk	Solvent extraction	≤ 19.73 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	≥ 8.81 Percent	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	No resolvable identifier

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Positive	DNA damage and/or repair	micronucleus assay	House mouse (as animal)	No data	No resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Sahu, Rohit., Divakar, Goli., Divakar, Kalyani. In vivo rodent micronucleus assay of gmelina arborea roxb (gambhari) extract. . Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research, 2010, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 22-9.
Acharya, N.S., Acharya, S.R., Shah, M.B., Santani, D.D. Development of pharmacognostical parameters and estimation of beta-sitosterol using HPTLC in roots of Gmelina arborea roxb. Pharmacognosy journal, 2012, vol. 4, no. 30, p. 1-9. DOI
Anthony, Ogbonnaya Enyinnaya., Mbuh, Awah Francis., Emmanuel, Mounmbegna Philippe. Phytochemical screening, and assessment of ameliorating effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Gmelina arborea on drug induced hepatic and renal insufficiency in rats . Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2012, vol. 25, no. 2, p. 457-461.
Offor, C. E. Phytochemical and proximate analyses of dry Gmelina arborea leaves. International journal of current research and academic review, 2014, vol. 2, no. 12, p. 101-105.
Nkafamiya, I. I., Modibbo, U. U., Manji, A. J., Haggai, D. Nutrient content of seeds of some wild plants. African journal of biotechnology, 2007, vol. 6, no. 14, p. 1665-1669.
Shafaq, S.S., Jirge, S., Latisha, A.K., Tatke, P., Bhat, C., Naharwar, V.N. Standardization of herbal extracts of Gmelina arborea using umbelliferone by HPTLC. Medicinal plants, 2011, vol. 3, no. 2, p. 173-175. DOI
Offor, C. E., Ibiam, U. A., Ugwu., Okechukwu, P. C., Nwankwo, H. The effect of ethanol leaf-extract of Gmelina arborea on liver enzymes. European journal of biological sciences, 2015, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 38-40.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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