Botanical species · safety record

Heliotropium europaeum

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 12 constituent measurements, 7 adverse-effect records and 1 genotoxicity assay for Heliotropium europaeum. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Heliotropium europaeum L.

12Constituent measurements

8Safety records

10Cited sources

0Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Europine-n-oxide	Unspecified	—	—	Unspecified	Resolve DOI
Heliotrine-n-oxide	Unspecified	—	—	Unspecified	Resolve DOI
Lasiocarpine	Unspecified	—	—	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Lasiocarpine-n-oxide	Unspecified	—	—	Unspecified	Resolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids	Seed	Solvent extraction	3.68 Percent	HPLC with standard detection methods	Resolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	27.7 Milligram/gram	LC-MS/MS	Resolve DOI
Europine	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Heleurine	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Heliotrine	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Lasiocarpine	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Lasiocarpine-n-oxide	Live plants	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	No resolvable identifier
Supinine	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Aerial part of plants	Drying (dehydration)	Cattle (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Unspecified	—	Cattle (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Urogenital: kidneys	Unspecified	—	Gallus gallus (chicken) (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Seed	—	Pig (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Aerial part of plants	Fresh	Sheep (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Aerial part of plants	Fresh	Sheep (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic	Unspecified	—	Cattle (as animal)	Case report	Resolve DOI

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Positive	DNA damage and/or repair	DNA damage and repair assay, unscheduled DNA synthesis in mammalian cells in vitro	Other	—	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Xia, QS., Chou, MW., Edgar, JA., Doerge, DR., Fu, PP. Formation of DHP-derived DNA adducts from metabolic activation of the prototype heliotridine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid, lasiocarpine . Cancer letters, 2006, vol. 231, no. 1, p. 138-145. DOI
Fu, Peter P., Xia, Qingsu., He, Xiaobo., Barel, Shimon., Edery, Nir., Beland, Frederick A., Shimshoni, Jakob A. Detection of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid DNA Adducts in Livers of Cattle Poisoned with Heliotropium europaeum . Chemical research in toxicology, 2017, vol. 30, no. 3, p. 851-858. DOI
Yassa, N., Farsam, H., Rustaiyan, A., Shafiee, A. Alkaloids of boraginaceae II 1, pyrrolizidine alkaloids of Heliotropium europaeum L. population garmsar. Journal of sciences, islamic republic of iran, 1999, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 39-42.
These, Anja., Bodi, Dorina., Ronczka, Stefan., Lahrssen-Wiederholt, Monika., Preiss-Weigert, Angelika. Structural screening by multiple reaction monitoring as a new approach for tandem mass spectrometry: presented for the determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in plants . Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2013, vol. 405, no. 29, p. 9375-9383. DOI
Shimshoni, Jakob Avi., Mulder, Patrick P. J., Bouznach, Arieli., Edery, Nir., Pasval, Israel., Barel, Shimon., Khaliq, Mohammed Abd-El., Perl, Samuel. Heliotropium europaeum Poisoning in Cattle and Analysis of Its Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Profile . Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2015, vol. 63, no. 5, p. 1664-1672. DOI
Tosun, F., Tamer, U. Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the seeds of Heliotropium europaeum by GC-MS. Ankara universitesi eczacilik fakultesi dergisi, 2004, vol. 33, no. 1, p. 7-9.
MCLENNAN, MW., DODSON, ME., RAC, R. HELIOTROPIUM POISONING IN CATTLE. Australian veterinary journal, 1972, vol. 48, no. 8, p. 480-&. DOI
PASSLL, DA., HOGG, GG., RUSSELL, RG., EDGAR, JA., TENCE, IM., RIKARDBELL, L. POISONING OF CHICKENS AND DUCKS BY PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS OF HELIOTROPIUM-EUROPAEUM . Australian veterinary journal, 1979, vol. 55, no. 6, p. 284-288. DOI
JONES, RT., DRUMMOND, GR., CHATHAM, RO. HELIOTROPIUM-EUROPAEUM POISONING OF PIGS. Australian veterinary journal, 1981, vol. 57, no. 8, p. 396-396. DOI
PETERSON, JE., PAYNE, AL., CULVENOR, CCJ. HELIOTROPIUM-EUROPEAUM POISONING OF SHEEP WITH LOW LIVER COPPER CONCENTRATIONS AND THE PREVENTIVE EFFICACY OF COBALT AND ANTIMETHANOGEN . Australian veterinary journal, 1992, vol. 69, no. 3, p. 51-56. DOI

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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