Botanical species · safety record

Heliotropium indicum

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 29 constituent measurements and 7 adverse-effect records for Heliotropium indicum. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Heliotropium indicum L.

29Constituent measurements
7Safety records
11Cited sources
0Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.

What the records describe

Constituents measured

  • Pyrrolizidine alkaloids12
  • Saponins3
  • Tannins3
  • Alkaloids2
  • Echinatine1
  • Echinatine-n-oxide1
  • Indicine1
  • Indicine-n-oxide1
  • Intermedine1
  • Intermedine-n-oxide1

Plant parts

  • Flower10
  • Leaves9
  • Aerial part of plants5
  • Live plants4
  • Roots and other underground parts2
  • Stem2
  • Unspecified2
  • stalk2
  • Bud1
  • Fruit unspecified1

Preparations

  • Solvent extraction33
  • Drying (dehydration)1
  • Fresh1

Effect types

  • Systemic4
  • Hepatotoxicity1
  • Neurotoxicity1
  • Reproductive1

Target tissues

  • Liver4
  • Testes1

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

SubstancePlant partPreparationConcentrationAnalytical methodSource
AlkaloidsLeavesSolvent extractionPhytochemical screeningResolve DOI
EchinatineFlowerSolvent extraction116 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Echinatine-n-oxideFlowerSolvent extraction660 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
IndicineFlowerSolvent extraction1025 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Indicine-n-oxideFlowerSolvent extraction19100 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
IntermedineFlowerSolvent extraction104 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Intermedine-n-oxideFlowerSolvent extraction2973 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
LycopsamineFlowerSolvent extraction378 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Lycopsamine-n-oxideFlowerSolvent extraction8242 Microgram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsUnspecifiedUnspecifiedResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsBudSolvent extraction11.3 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsFlowerSolvent extraction≥ 5.2 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsFruit unspecifiedSolvent extraction3.5 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsLeavesSolvent extraction≥ 0.4 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsLeavesSolvent extraction≤ 2.1 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsRoots and other underground partsSolvent extraction≥ 4.7 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsRoots and other underground partsSolvent extraction≤ 4.9 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsStem / stalkSolvent extraction≥ 0.1 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsStem / stalkSolvent extraction≤ 1.4 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsFlowerSolvent extraction≤ 15.2 Milligram/gramHPLC with standard detection methodsResolve DOI
SaponinsLive plantsSolvent extractionPhytochemical screeningResolve DOI
TanninsLive plantsSolvent extractionPhytochemical screeningResolve DOI
AlkaloidsLeavesSolvent extraction860 Milligram/100 gramUnspecifiedNo resolvable identifier
Isoquinoline alkaloidsLeavesSolvent extractionNo resolvable identifier
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidsAerial part of plantsSolvent extractionPhytochemical screeningNo resolvable identifier
SaponinsAerial part of plantsSolvent extractionPhytochemical screeningNo resolvable identifier
SaponinsLeavesSolvent extraction518.46 Milligram/100 gramUnspecifiedNo resolvable identifier
TanninsAerial part of plantsSolvent extractionPhytochemical screeningNo resolvable identifier
TanninsLeavesSolvent extraction112.3 Milligram/100 gramUnspecifiedNo resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

EffectTarget tissuePlant partPreparationTest organismTest typeSource
SystemicLiverLive plantsSolvent extractionRat (as animal)Short-term toxicityResolve DOI
SystemicLiverAerial part of plantsSolvent extractionRat (as animal)Short-term toxicityResolve DOI
HepatotoxicityLiverLive plantsDrying (dehydration)Rat (as animal)SubchronicNo resolvable identifier
NeurotoxicityLiverAerial part of plantsFreshHorse (as animal)Case reportNo resolvable identifier
ReproductiveTestesLeavesSolvent extractionRat (as animal)Chronic/long term toxicityNo resolvable identifier
SystemicLeavesSolvent extractionHouse mouse (as animal)Acute toxicityNo resolvable identifier
SystemicUnspecifiedSolvent extractionHouse mouse (as animal)Acute toxicityNo resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

  1. Kyei, S., Koffuor, G.A., Ramkissoon, P., Asante, D.-B. Oral and ocular safety profile of whole plant aqueous extract of Heliotropium indicum L. In rodents. Research journal of medicinal plant, 2015, vol. 9, no. 7, p. 321-330. DOI
  2. Zhou, Jue., Ouedraogo, Moustapha., Qu, Fan., Duez, Pierre. Potential Genotoxicity of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals: An Overview. PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, 2013, vol. 27, no. 12, p. 1745-1755. DOI
  3. Biradi, Mahesh., Hullatti, Kirankumar. Screening of Indian medicinal plants for cytotoxic activity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay and evaluation of their total phenolic content. Drug development and therapeutics, 2014, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 139-144.
  4. van de Schans, M.G.M., Blokland, M.H., Zoontjes, P.W., Mulder, P.P.J., Nielen, M.W.F. Multiple heart-cutting two dimensional liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Journal of chromatography a, 2017, vol. 1503, p. 38-48. DOI
  5. Dolui, A. K., Debnath, Manabendra., De, B., Kumar, Atul. Reproductive activities of Heliotropium indicum isolate against Helopeltis theivora and toxicity evaluation in mice . Journal of environmental biology, 2012, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 603-607.
  6. van Weeren, PR., Morales, JA., Rodriguez, LL., Cedeno, H., Villalobos, J., Poveda, LJ. Mortality supposedly due to intoxication by pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Heliotropium indicum in a horse population in Costa Rica: A case report . Veterinary quarterly, 1999, vol. 21, no. 2, p. 59-62.
  7. Afolabi, F., Afolabi, O. J. Phytochemical constituents of some medicinal plants in South West, Nigeria. Iosr journal of applied chemistry, 2013, vol. 4, no. 1), 76-7, p. 3 pp.
  8. Owolabi, M A., Oribayo, O O., Ukpo, G E., Mbaka, G O., Akindehin, O E. A 5-month toxicity study of the ethanol extract of the leaves of Heliotropium indicum in Sprague Dawley rats after oral administration. . Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine, 2015, vol. 25, no. 3, p. 184-92.
  9. Schoental, Regina. Toxicology and carcinogenic action of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Cancer research, 1968, vol. 28, no. 11, p. 2237-46.
  10. Boye, A., Koffuor, G. A., Amoateng, P., Ameyaw, E. O., Abaitey, A. K. Analgesic Activity and Safety Assessment of Heliotropium indicum Linn. (Boraginaceae) in Rodents . International journal of pharmacology, 2012, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 91-100. DOI
  11. Froelich, Cordula., Ober, Dietrich., Hartmann, Thomas. Tissue distribution, core blosynthesis and diversification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids of the lycopsamine type in three Boraginaceae species . Phytochemistry, 2007, vol. 68, no. 7, p. 1026-1037. DOI

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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