Botanical species · safety record
Mandragora officinalis
The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 24 constituent measurements and 2 adverse-effect records for Mandragora officinalis. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.
Accepted name in source: Mandragora officinalis Mill.
Also recorded as
Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.
Regulatory presence
No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.
What the records describe
Constituents measured
- Alkaloids6
- Atropine6
- Scopolamine6
- Benzaldehyde1
- Calystegine b1
- Calystegines1
- Coumarins1
- Eugenol1
- Isoeugenol1
Plant parts
- Leaves8
- Roots and other underground parts7
- Seed5
- Fruit unspecified3
- Live plants3
Preparations
- Solvent extraction24
- Fresh1
Effect types
- Systemic2
Target tissues
- Cardiovascular2
- haematological2
Recorded constituents
What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.
| Substance | Plant part | Preparation | Concentration | Analytical method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calystegine b | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | GC-MS | Resolve DOI |
| Calystegines | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | — | GC-MS | Resolve DOI |
| Alkaloids | Live plants | Solvent extraction | — | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.03 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.09 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.12 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.24 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Seed | Solvent extraction | 0.2 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Atropine | Leaves | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.0467 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Atropine | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.0106 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Atropine | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.0061 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Atropine | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.2034 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Atropine | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.1044 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Atropine | Leaves | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.0198 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Benzaldehyde | Fruit unspecified | Solvent extraction | — | GC-MS | No resolvable identifier |
| Coumarins | Live plants | Solvent extraction | — | Unspecified | No resolvable identifier |
| Eugenol | Fruit unspecified | Solvent extraction | 1.03 Percent | GC-MS | No resolvable identifier |
| Isoeugenol | Fruit unspecified | Solvent extraction | 0.66 Percent | GC-MS | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopolamine | Leaves | Solvent extraction | ≥ 5e-04 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopolamine | Leaves | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.0242 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopolamine | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.0062 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopolamine | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.0271 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopolamine | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.0023 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopolamine | Seed | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.0042 Percent | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
Recorded adverse effects
Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.
| Effect | Target tissue | Plant part | Preparation | Test organism | Test type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic | Cardiovascular / haematological | Leaves | Fresh | Human (as organism) | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Systemic | Cardiovascular / haematological | Live plants | — | Human (as organism) | Case report | No resolvable identifier |
Cited sources
The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.
- Bekkouche, K., Lazrek, H.B., Jana, M. Quantitative determination of atropine and scopolamine in Mandragora from Morocco DETERMINATION QUANTITATIVE DE L'ATROPINE ET DE LA SCOPOLAMINE CHEZ LA MANDRAGORA MAROCAINE . Plantes medicinales et phytotherapie, 1993, vol. 26, no. 4, p. 309-318.
- Al-Khalil, Suleiman., Alkofahi, Ahmed. The chemical constituents of Mandragora autumnalis. Alexandria journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 1996, p. 135-138.
- Hanus, L. O., Dembitsky, V. M., Moussaieff, A. Comparative study of volatile compounds in the fresh fruits of Mandragora autumnalis . Acta chromatographica, 2006, vol. 17, p. 151-160.
- Bekkouche, K., Daali, Y., Cherkaoui, S., Veuthey, JL., Christen, P. Calystegine distribution in some solanaceous species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY, 2001, vol. 58, no. 3, p. 455-462. DOI
- Piccillo, GA., Miele, L., Mondati, E., Moro, PA., Musco, A., Forgione, A., Gasbarrini, G., Grieco, A. Anticholinergic syndrome due to 'Devil's herb': when risks come from the ancient time. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, 2006, vol. 60, no. 4, p. 492-494. DOI
- JIMENEZMEJIAS, ME., MONTANODIAZ, M., PARDO, FL., JIMENEZ, EC., CORDERO, MCM., GONZALEZ, MJA., DELAPUENTE, MAG. ATROPINE POISONING BY MANDRAGORA-AUTUMNALIS - REPORT OF 15 CASES. Medicina clinica, 1990, vol. 95, no. 18, p. 689-692.
Boundary
A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.
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