Botanical species · safety record

Ocimum gratissimum

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 11 constituent measurements, 13 adverse-effect records and 1 genotoxicity assay for Ocimum gratissimum. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Ocimum gratissimum L.

11Constituent measurements

14Safety records

12Cited sources

17Licensed products (Canada)

Also recorded as

Ocimum suave Willd.

Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 17 licensed products naming Ocimum gratissimum as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Source material stated

Fruit
Herb
Leaf
Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the Herbs

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
1,8-cineole	Unspecified	Essential oil	3.36 Percent	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Beta-selinene	Leaves	Essential oil	1.1 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Estragole	Unspecified	Essential oil	7.78 Percent	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Eugenol	Leaves	Essential oil	73.6 Percent	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Eugenol	Unspecified	Essential oil	9.07 Percent	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Methylisoeugenol	Aerial part of plants	Essential oil	50.3 Percent	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Myrcene	Leaves	Essential oil	5 Percent	GC-FID	Resolve DOI
Myrcene	Leaves	Essential oil	4 Percent	Gaschromatography (GC)	Resolve DOI
Cardiac glycosides	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Saponins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier
Tannins	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Phytochemical screening	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Reproductive	Uterus	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Human (as organism)	Reproduction toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic: central nervous system	Leaves	Essential oil (as part-nature)	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic: central nervous system	Leaves	Essential oil (as part-nature)	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic: central nervous system	Leaves	Essential oil (as part-nature)	Rat (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic: central nervous system	Leaves	Essential oil (as part-nature)	Rat (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	—	Leaves	Essential oil (as part-nature)	Rat (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	—	Leaves	Essential oil (as part-nature)	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Acute toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Acute toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Reproductive	Testes	Leaves	Drying (dehydration)	House mouse (as animal)	Reproduction toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Reproductive	Testes	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Reproduction toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Reproductive	Testes	Leaves	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Reproduction toxicity	No resolvable identifier
Systemic	—	Leaves	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	No resolvable identifier

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Positive	chromosome aberration	chromosome aberration assay	House mouse (as animal)	No data	No resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Hern�ndez, N.B., Ruiz, A.R., Parra, �.V. Toxic and genotoxic evaluation of the fluid extract from Ocimum gratissimum L. Evaluaci�n t�xica y genot�xica del extracto fluido de Ocimum gratissimum L. . Revista cubana de plantas medicinales, 2006, vol. 11, no. 1.
Akinboro, A., Bakare, A.A. Spermatotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum in albino mice. Open access journal of medicinal and aromatic plants, 2013, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 10-14.
Orafidiya, LO., Agbani, EO., Iwalewa, EO., Adelusola, KA., Oyedapo, OO. Studies on the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. leaf . Phytomedicine, 2004, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 71-76. DOI
Fandohan, P., Gnonlonfin, B., Laleye, A., Gbenou, J. D., Darbouxc, R., Moudachirou, M. Toxicity and gastric tolerance of essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus, Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum basilicum in Wistar rats . Food and chemical toxicology, 2008, vol. 46, no. 7, p. 2493-2497. DOI
Parra, AL., Yhebra, RS., Sardinas, IG., Buela, LI. Comparative study of the assay of Artemia salina L. and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (LD50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts. PHYTOMEDICINE, 2001, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 395-400.
Noumi, E., Tchakonang, N.Y.C. Plants used as abortifacients in the Sangmelima region of Southern Cameroon. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2001, vol. 76, no. 3, p. 263-268. DOI
Obianime, Atuboyedia Wolfe., Aprioku, Jonah Sydney., Esomonu, Chinagoro T. O. Antifertility effects of aqueous crude extract of Ocimum gratissimum L. leaves in male mice . Journal of medicinal plants research, 2010, vol. 4, no. 9, p. 809-816.
Silva, Lenise de Lima., Parodi, Thaylise Vey., Reckziegel, Patricia., Garcia, Viviane de Oliveira., Buerger, Marilise Escobar., Baldisserotto, Bernardo., Malmann, Carlos Augusto., Soares Pereira, Ana Maria., Heinzmann, Berta Maria. Essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L.: Anesthetic effects, mechanism of action and tolerance in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen . Aquaculture, 2012, vol. 350, p. 91-97. DOI
Rana, Virendra S., Amparo Blazquez, M. Essential Oil Composition of the Aerial Parts of Five Ocimum species from Western India . Journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2015, vol. 18, no. 5, p. 1234-1241. DOI
Cruz, G. Z., Wanderley-Teixeira, V., Oliveira, J. V., Lopes, F. S. C., Barbosa, D. R. S., Breda, M. O., Dutra, K. A., Guedes, C. A., Navarro, D. M. A. F., Teixeira, A. A. C. Sublethal effects of essential oils from Eucalyptus staigeriana (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiales: Laminaceae), and Foeniculum vulgare (Apiales: Apiaceae) on the biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (vol 109, pg 660, 2016) . Journal of economic entomology, 2016, vol. 109, no. 5, p. 2248-2248. DOI
Huee, T., Cauquil, L., Fokou, J. B. Hzounda., Dongmo, P. M. Jazet., Bakarnga-Via, I., Menut, C. Acaricidal activity of five essential oils of Ocimum species on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus larvae . Parasitology research, 2015, vol. 114, no. 1, p. 91-99. DOI
Abdurahman, F. I., Tijjani, M. A., Osuji, U. O. Proximate content and chemical composition of Ocimum viridis leaf and Ocimum gratissium leaf. International research journal of pharmacy, 2012, vol. 3, no. 4, p. 153-156.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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