Botanical species · safety record

Paullinia cupana

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 24 constituent measurements, 8 adverse-effect records and 2 genotoxicity assays for Paullinia cupana. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Paullinia cupana Kunth

24Constituent measurements

10Safety records

5Cited sources

522Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 522 licensed products naming Paullinia cupana as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Dry
Extract Type TBA

Source material stated

Caffeine
Cichorium intybus - Root
Freeze-dried seed
Fruit
Grain
Grain(s)
Graine
Guarana - seed

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Caffeine	Seed	Solvent extraction	4.28 Percent	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Theobromine	Seed	Solvent extraction	0.015 Percent	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Theophylline	Seed	Solvent extraction	0.007 Percent	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Alkaloids	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.7 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Alpha-solanine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 2 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Caffeine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 2 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Coniine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.3 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Echimidine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.1 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Gramine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.1 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Harmaline	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 6 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Lycopsamine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.2 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Monocrotaline	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.1 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Nicotine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 24 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Quinidine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 5 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Quinine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	11 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Retrorsine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.4 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Retrorsine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	11 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Senecionine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.7 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Senkirkine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 1 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Solamargine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 4 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Solasodine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 1 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Solasonine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.2 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Theobromine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 4.5 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier
Veratridine	Live plants	Solvent extraction	< 0.2 Percent	Chromatographic tests	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Other toxicities	—	Seed	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Other toxicities	Lung	Seed	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Other toxicities	—	Seed	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Other toxicities	Urogenital: kidneys	Seed	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Other toxicities	—	Seed	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Other toxicities	Urogenital: kidneys	Seed	Solvent extraction	Rat (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
None	—	Unspecified	—	Human (as organism)	Case report	No resolvable identifier
None	—	Unspecified	—	Human (as organism)	Case report	No resolvable identifier

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Inconclusive	genome mutation	bacterial gene mutation assay	Salmonella typhimurium (as organism)	No data	No resolvable identifier
Positive	DNA damage and/or repair	bacterial gene mutation assay	Escherichia coli (as organism)	—	No resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Nardin, Tiziana., Piasentier, Edi., Barnaba, Chiara., Larcher, Roberto. Alkaloid profiling of herbal drugs using high resolution mass spectrometry. Drug testing and analysis, 2017, p. Ahead of Print.
BAUMANN, TW., SCHULTHESS, BH., HANNI, K. GUARANA (PAULLINIA-CUPANA) REWARDS SEED DISPERSERS WITHOUT INTOXICATING THEM BY CAFFEINE . Phytochemistry, 1995, vol. 39, no. 5, p. 1063-&. DOI
Fonseca, Carmen Adilia S. Da., Leal, Jorgelene., Costa, Sonia S., Leitao, Alvaro C. Genotoxic and mutagenic effects of guarana (Paullinia cupana) in prokaryotic organisms . Mutation research, 1994, vol. 321, no. 3, p. 165-173.
Antonelli-Ushirobira, T. M., Kaneshima, E. N., Gabriel, M., Audi, E. A., Marques, L. C., Mello, J. C. P. Acute and subchronic toxicological evaluation of the semipurified extract of seeds of guarand (Paullinia cupana) in rodents . Food and chemical toxicology, 2010, vol. 48, no. 7, p. 1817-1820. DOI
Restani, Patrizia., Di Lorenzo, Chiara., Garcia-Alvarez, Alicia., Badea, Mihaela., Ceschi, Alessandro., Egan, Bernadette., Dima, Lorena., Lude, Saskia., Maggi, Franco M., Marculescu, Angela., . Adverse effects of plant food supplements self-reported by consumers in the PlantLIBRA survey involving six European countries. Plos one, 2016, vol. 11, no. 2, p. e0150089/1-e0150089/20.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature