Botanical species · safety record

Piper longum

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 7 constituent measurements, 4 adverse-effect records and 1 genotoxicity assay for Piper longum. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Piper longum L.

7Constituent measurements

5Safety records

6Cited sources

129Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 129 licensed products naming Piper longum as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Source material stated

Dried fruit
Fruit
Fruit extract
Fruit(s)
New material
Pericarp of the ripe fruit
Piper longum - fruit
Piper nigrum - fruit

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Piperlonguminine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	0.00417 Percent	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Sarmentine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	LC-MS	Resolve DOI
Piperidine alkaloids	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	0.07 Percent	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	No resolvable identifier
Piperidine alkaloids	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	0.05 Percent	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	No resolvable identifier
Piperine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	7.8 Percent	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	No resolvable identifier
Pyridine alkaloids	Unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	Unspecified	No resolvable identifier
Pyridine alkaloids	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	1.7 Percent	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI
Pulmonary and cardiac	Lung	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Reproductive	Testes	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI

Genotoxicity testing

Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.

Outcome	Endpoint	Test	Tested organism	Metabolic activation	Source
Positive	gene mutation	bacterial reverse mutation assay	Salmonella typhimurium (as organism)	Without	No resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Zheng, Jie., Son, Dong Ju., Gu, Sun Mi., Woo, Ju Rang., Ham, Young Wan., Lee, Hee Pom., Kim, Wun Jae., Jung, Jae Kyung., Hong, Jin Tae. Piperlongumine inhibits lung tumor growth via inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. Scientific reports, 2016, vol. 6, p. 26357.
Shah, AH., Al-Shareef, AH., Ageel, AM., Qureshi, S. Toxicity studies in mice of common spices, Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark and Piper longum fruits . Plant foods for human nutrition, 1998, vol. 52, no. 3, p. 231-239. DOI
Lee, SE., Mahoney, NE., Campbell, BC. Inhibition of aflatoxin B-1 biosynthesis by piperlongumine isolated from Piper longum L. . Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 2002, vol. 12, no. 4, p. 679-682.
Soudamini, K.K., Unnikrishnan, M.C., Sukumaran, K., Kuttan, R. Mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of selected spices. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1995, vol. 39, no. 4, p. 347-353.
Lee, Wonhwa., Yoo, Hayoung., Ku, Sae-Kwang., Kim, Jeong Ah., Bae, Jong-Sup. Anticoagulant activities of piperlonguminine in vitro and in vivo. Bmb reports, 2013, vol. 46, no. 10, p. 484-489. DOI
Huang, Huazhang., Morgan, Christy M., Asolkar, Ratnakar N., Koivunen, Marja E., Marrone, Pamela G. Phytotoxicity of Sarmentine Isolated from Long Pepper (Piper longum) Fruit . Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2010, vol. 58, no. 18, p. 9994-10000. DOI

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

Continue

Independent literature