Botanical species · safety record
Polygala tenuifolia
The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 14 constituent measurements and 1 adverse-effect record for Polygala tenuifolia. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.
Accepted name in source: Polygala tenuifolia Willd.
Regulatory presence
Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 432 licensed products naming Polygala tenuifolia as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.
Extract types on licence
Source material stated
What the records describe
Constituents measured
- Carboline alkaloids2
- Harmalol2
- Harmane alkaloids2
- Harmol2
- Norharmane2
- Saponins2
- Columbamine1
- Triterpene saponins1
Plant parts
- Unspecified10
- Roots and other underground parts3
- Roots and other underground parts used as staple food2
Preparations
- Solvent extraction15
Effect types
- Other toxicities1
Recorded constituents
What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.
| Substance | Plant part | Preparation | Concentration | Analytical method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carboline alkaloids | Roots and other underground parts used as staple food | Solvent extraction | — | Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) | Resolve DOI |
| Saponins | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | 3.73 Percent | Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry | Resolve DOI |
| Saponins | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | — | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| Triterpene saponins | Roots and other underground parts used as staple food | Solvent extraction | — | Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography | Resolve DOI |
| Carboline alkaloids | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | — | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Columbamine | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | No resolvable identifier |
| Harmalol | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≤ 186 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Harmalol | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≥ 149 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Harmane alkaloids | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≥ 104 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Harmane alkaloids | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≤ 133 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Harmol | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≥ 33.7 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Harmol | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≤ 207 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Norharmane | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≥ 81.8 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Norharmane | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | ≤ 115 Nanogram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | No resolvable identifier |
Recorded adverse effects
Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.
| Effect | Target tissue | Plant part | Preparation | Test organism | Test type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other toxicities | — | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | House mouse (as animal) | Acute toxicity | Resolve DOI |
Cited sources
The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.
- Dou, Fang., Xi, Miaomiao., Wang, Junxian., Tian, Xiangrong., Hong, Liangjian., Tang, Haifeng., Wen, Aidong. alpha-Glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of saponins from traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. PHARMAZIE, 2013, vol. 68, no. 4, p. 300-304. DOI
- Shen, X. L., Witt, M. R., Dekermendjian, K., Nielsen, M. Isolation and identification of tetrahydro-columbamine as a dopamine receptor ligand from Polygala tenuifolia Willd . Yaoxue xuebao, 1994, vol. 29, no. 12, p. 887-890.
- Park, Man Ki., Park, Jeong Hill., Kim, Bao Yuan., Kim, Jong Moon., Liem, Kyung Jin., Han, Byung Hoon. Analysis of alkaloids in Polygala tenuifolia by HPLC. Analytical science & technology, 1993, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 255-9.
- Han, B.H., Park, J.H., Park, M.H., Han, Y.N. beta-Carboline alkaloids of Polygala tenuifolia. Archives of pharmacal research, 1985, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 243-247. DOI
- Liu, Jiangyun., Yang, Xuedong., He, Jiuming., Xia, Min., Xu, Lizhen., Yang, Shilin. Structure analysis of triterpene saponins in Polygala tenuifolia by electrospray ionization ion trap multiple-stage mass spectrometry . Journal of mass spectrometry, 2007, vol. 42, no. 7, p. 861-873. DOI
- Tsuchiya, Hironori., Hayashi, Hideaki., Sato, Masaru., Shimizu, Hiroshi., Iinuma, Munekazu. Quantitative analysis of all types of beta-carboline alkaloids in medicinal plants and dried edible plants by high performance liquid chromatography with selective fluorometric detection. Phytochemical analysis, 1999, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 247-253.
- Yao, Yi., Jia, Min., Wu, Jian-Guo., Zhang, Hong., Sun, Lian-Na., Chen, Wan-Sheng., Rahman, Khalid. Anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities of polygalasaponins from Polygala tenuifolia in mice . Pharmaceutical biology, 2010, vol. 48, no. 7, p. 801-807. DOI
Boundary
A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.
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