Botanical species · safety record
Senna alata
The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 20 constituent measurements, 4 adverse-effect records and 1 genotoxicity assay for Senna alata. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.
Accepted name in source: Senna alata (L.) Roxb.
Regulatory presence
Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 3 licensed products naming Senna alata as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.
Source material stated
What the records describe
Constituents measured
- Saponins3
- Tannins3
- Alkaloids2
- Anthraquinone2
- Sennoside a2
- 1,8-cineole1
- Cardiac glycosides1
- Chrysophanol1
- Emodin1
- Isoflavones1
Plant parts
- Leaves19
- Roots and other underground parts4
- Live plants1
Preparations
- Solvent extraction23
- Essential oil1
Effect types
- Nephrotoxicity2
- Reproductive2
Target tissues
- Urogenital: kidneys2
- Uterus2
Recorded constituents
What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.
| Substance | Plant part | Preparation | Concentration | Analytical method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 0.52 Percent | Phytochemical screening | Resolve DOI |
| Saponins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 1.22 Percent | Phytochemical screening | Resolve DOI |
| 1,8-cineole | Leaves | Essential oil | 39.8 Percent | GC-MS | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 4.36 Percent | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Anthraquinone | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Anthraquinone | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Cardiac glycosides | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Chrysophanol | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | 21.6 ppm | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Emodin | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | 26.5 ppm | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Isoflavones | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | No resolvable identifier |
| Physcion | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | 4.45 ppm | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Rhein | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | 68.4 ppm | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Saponins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 2.41 Percent | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Saponins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Sennoside a | Live plants | Solvent extraction | 2.34 Milligram/gram | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | No resolvable identifier |
| Sennoside a | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 0.119 Microgram/gram | Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) | No resolvable identifier |
| Sennoside b | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 0.116 Microgram/gram | Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) | No resolvable identifier |
| Tannins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Tannins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Tannins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
Recorded adverse effects
Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.
| Effect | Target tissue | Plant part | Preparation | Test organism | Test type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reproductive | Uterus | Leaves | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Reproductive | Uterus | Leaves | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Nephrotoxicity | Urogenital: kidneys | Leaves | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Nephrotoxicity | Urogenital: kidneys | Leaves | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
Genotoxicity testing
Outcomes of genotoxicity assays as recorded in the source. A negative assay is a result under those test conditions, not a clearance.
| Outcome | Endpoint | Test | Tested organism | Metabolic activation | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | — | bacterial reverse mutation assay | Escherichia coli (as organism) | With and without | Resolve DOI |
Cited sources
The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.
- Veerachari, U., Bopaiah, A.K. Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts of six cassia species. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2012, vol. 3, no. 2, p. P260-P270.
- Ogunkunle, A. T. J., Ladejobi, Tonia A. Ethnobotanical and phytochemical studies on some species of Senna in Nigeria. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2006, vol. 5, no. 21, p. 2020-2023.
- Abii, T. A., Onuha, E. N. A preliminary investigation into the phytochemicals, vitamins and mineral constituents of the leaf of two tradomedicinal plants - urena lobata and cassia alata used in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2014, p. 1-4.
- MT, Y., AO, A., AT, O., MA, A., OB, O., GA, J., AWO, O., AJ, A. Abortifacient Potential of Aqueous Extract of Senna alata Leaves in Rats. Journal of Reproduction and Contraception, 2010, vol. 21, no. 3, p. 163-177. DOI
- Rahman, M. S., Hasan, A. J. M. Moynul., Ali, M. Y., Ali, M. U. An isoflavone from the leaves of Cassia alata. Bangladesh journal of scientific and industrial research, 2005, p. 287-290.
- Fernand, Vivian E., Dinh, David T., Washington, Samuel J., Fakayode, Sayo O., Losso, Jack N., van Ravenswaay, Rick O., Warner, Isiah M. Determination of pharmacologically active compounds in root extracts of Cassia alata L. by use of high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta, 2008, p. 896-902.
- Yakubu, Musa Toyin., Musa, Isah Fakai. Liver and kidney functional indices of pregnant rats following the administration of the crude alkaloids from Senna alata (Linn. Roxb) leaves. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 2012, p. 615-625.
- Hong, Chang-Eui., Lyu, Su-Yun. Genotoxicity detection of five medicinal plants in Nigeria. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2011, vol. 36, no. 1, p. 87-93. DOI
- Ogunwande, I.A., Flamini, G., Cioni, P.L., Omikorede, O., Azeez, R.A., Ayodele, A.A., Kamil, Y.O. Aromatic plants growing in Nigeria: Essential oil constituents of Cassia alata (Linn.) Roxb. and Helianthus annuus L. Records of natural products, 2010, vol. 4, no. 4, p. 211-217.
- Morinaga, Osamu., Uto, Takuhiro., Sakamoto, Seiichi., Putalun, Waraporn., Lhieochaiphant, Sorasak., Tanaka, Hiroyuki., Shoyama, Yukihiro. Development of eastern blotting technique for sennoside A and sennoside B using anti-sennoside A and anti-sennoside B monoclonal antibodies. Phytochemical Analysis, 2009, p. 154-158.
- Morinaga, Osamu., Uto, Takuhiro., Sakamoto, Seiichi., Tanaka, Hiroyuki., Shoyama, Yukihiro. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for total sennosides using anti-sennoside A and anti-sennoside B monoclonal antibodies. Fitoterapia, 2009, p. 28-31.
Boundary
A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.
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