Botanical species · safety record

Senna occidentalis

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 6 constituent measurements and 25 adverse-effect records for Senna occidentalis. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Senna occidentalis (L.) Link

6Constituent measurements

25Safety records

12Cited sources

3Licensed products (Canada)

Also recorded as

Cassia occidentalis L.

Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 3 licensed products naming Senna occidentalis as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Source material stated

Seed(s)

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Aloe-emodin	Seed	Solvent extraction	52.5 Microgram/gram	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Anthraquinones	Seed	Solvent extraction	—	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Chrysophanol	Seed	Solvent extraction	68.7 Microgram/gram	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Emodin	Seed	Solvent extraction	269 Microgram/gram	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Physcion	Seed	Solvent extraction	4153.5 Microgram/gram	GC-MS	Resolve DOI
Rhein	Seed	Solvent extraction	132 Microgram/gram	GC-MS	Resolve DOI

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Digestive	Digestive	Seed	—	Human (as organism)	Not reported	Resolve DOI
Hemopoietic	Cardiovascular / haematological	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hemopoietic	Cardiovascular / haematological	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Heart	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Muscle, skeletal	Seed	Powder	Goat (as animal)	Reproduction toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Heart	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Musclo-skeletal	Neurologic	Seed	—	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Musclo-skeletal	Liver	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Musclo-skeletal	Brain	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Musclo-skeletal	Brain	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Musclo-skeletal	Muscle, skeletal	Seed	—	Gallus gallus (chicken) (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Musclo-skeletal	Muscle, skeletal	Seed	Drying (dehydration)	Gallus gallus (chicken) (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Musclo-skeletal	Neurologic	Seed	—	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Muscle, skeletal	Seed	Raw, no heat treatment	Gallus gallus (chicken) (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Reproductive	Uterus	Seed	Powder	Goat (as animal)	Reproduction toxicity	Resolve DOI
Reproductive	Urogenital: ovaries	Seed	—	Gallus gallus (chicken) (as animal)	Reproduction toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Digestive	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Digestive	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Heart	Seed	Powder	Goat (as animal)	Reproduction toxicity	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Neurologic	Seed	Powder	Rat (as animal)	Short-term toxicity	Resolve DOI
Hepatotoxicity	Digestive	Seed	—	Human (as organism)	Case report	No resolvable identifier
Neurotoxicity	Muscle, skeletal	Seed	—	Cattle (as animal)	Case report	No resolvable identifier
Pulmonary and cardiac	Heart	Seed	—	Sheep (as animal)	Not reported	No resolvable identifier
Pulmonary and cardiac	Heart	Seed	—	Sheep (as animal)	Not reported	No resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Barbosa-Ferreira, M., Dagli, MLZ., Maiorka, PC., Gorniak, SL. Sub-acute intoxication by Senna occidentalis seeds in rats. Food and chemical toxicology, 2005, vol. 43, no. 4, p. 497-503. DOI
Panigrahi, Gatikrushna., Tiwari, Shashikant., Ansari, Kausar M., Chaturvedi, Rajnish K., Khanna, Vinay K., Chaudhari, Bhushan P., Vashistha, Vipin M., Raisuddin, S., Das, Mukul. Association between children death and consumption of Cassia occidentalis seeds: Clinical and experimental investigations . Food and chemical toxicology, 2014, vol. 67, p. 236-248. DOI
Panigrahi, Gati Krushna., Ch, Ratnasekhar., Mudiam, Mohana K. R., Vashishtha, Vipin M., Raisuddin, S., Das, Mukul. Activity-Guided Chemo Toxic Profiling of Cassia occidentalis (CO) Seeds: Detection of Toxic Compounds in Body Fluids of CO-Exposed Patients and Experimental Rats . Chemical research in toxicology, 2015, vol. 28, no. 6, p. 1120-1132. DOI
Gotardo, Andre T., Haraguchi, Mitsue., Raspantini, Paulo C. F., Dagli, Maria L. Z., Gorniak, Silvana L. Toxicity of Senna occidentalis seeds in laying hens and its effects on egg production . Avian pathology, 2017, vol. 46, no. 3, p. 332-337. DOI
Vashishtha, Vipin M., Kumar, Amod., John, T. Jacob., Nayak, N. C. Cassia occidentalis poisoning causes fatal coma in children in western Uttar Pradesh . Indian pediatrics, 2007, vol. 44, no. 7, p. 522-525.
Lopes, D I S., Sousa, M G., Ramos, A T., Maruo, V M. Cardiotoxicity of Senna occidentalis in sheep (Ovis aries).. Open veterinary journal, 2016, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 30-5.
Haraguchi, M., Gorniak, SL., Calore, EE., Cavaliere, MJ., Raspantini, PC., Calore, NMP., Dagli, MLZ. Muscle degeneration in chicks caused by Senna occidentalis seeds. Avian pathology, 1998, vol. 27, no. 4, p. 346-351. DOI
Cavaliere, MJ., Calore, EE., Haraguchi, M., Gorniak, SL., Dagli, MLZ., Raspantini, PC., Calore, NMP., Weg, R. Mitochondrial myopathy in Senna occidentalis-seed-fed chicken. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 1997, vol. 37, no. 2, p. 181-185. DOI
Carmo, Priscila M. S., Irigoyen, Luiz Francisco., Lucena, Ricardo B., Fighera, Rafael A., Kommers, Glaucia D., Barros, Claudio S. L. Spontaneous coffee senna poisoning in cattle: Report on 16 outbreaks. Pesquisa veterinaria brasileira, 2011, vol. 31, no. 2, p. 139-146.
Calore, EE., Cavaliere, MJ., Haraguchi, M., Gorniak, SL., Dagli, MLZ., Raspantini, PC., Calore, NMP., Weg, R. Toxic peripheral neuropathy of chicks fed Senna occidentalis seeds. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 1998, vol. 39, no. 1, p. 27-30. DOI
Bhatia, Harpreet., Manhas, R. K., Kumar, Kewal., Magotra, Rani. Traditional knowledge on poisonous plants of Udhampur district of Jammu and Kashmir, India . Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2014, vol. 152, no. 1, p. 207-216. DOI
Barbosa-Ferreira, Marcos., Pfister, James A., Gotardo, Andre T., Maiorka, Paulo C., Gorniak, Silvana L. Intoxication by Senna occidentalis seeds in pregnant goats: Prenatal and postnatal evaluation . Experimental and toxicologic pathology, 2011, vol. 63, no. 3, p. 263-268. DOI

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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