Botanical species · safety record
Sida acuta
The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 23 constituent measurements and 25 adverse-effect records for Sida acuta. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.
Accepted name in source: Sida acuta Burm.f.
Also recorded as
Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.
Regulatory presence
No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.
What the records describe
Constituents measured
- Alkaloids3
- Saponins2
- Vasicinone2
- Acanthoside b1
- Calcium oxalate1
- Cardiac glycosides1
- Cryptolepine1
- Ephedrine1
- Gallic acid1
- Heraclenol1
Plant parts
- Aerial part of plants20
- Leaves17
- Unspecified8
- Roots and other underground parts3
Preparations
- Solvent extraction19
- Fresh17
- Powder9
Effect types
- Neurotoxicity8
- Nephrotoxicity5
- Digestive2
- Hemopoietic2
- Other toxicities2
- Reproductive2
- Systemic2
- Endocrine1
- Immunotoxicity1
Target tissues
- Cardiovascular5
- Urogenital: kidneys4
- Neurologic3
- Neurologic: central nervous system3
- haematological: lymph nodes3
- Brain2
- Digestive2
- Liver2
- Uterus2
- haematological2
Recorded constituents
What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.
| Substance | Plant part | Preparation | Concentration | Analytical method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cryptolepine | Aerial part of plants | Solvent extraction | 12.54 Microgram/gram | High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) | Resolve DOI |
| Acanthoside b | Aerial part of plants | — | — | Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Powder | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Powder | 523 Milligram/100 gram | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Alkaloids | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Calcium oxalate | Leaves | Powder | — | Microscopic detection | No resolvable identifier |
| Cardiac glycosides | Leaves | Powder | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Ephedrine | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | 0.86 Percent | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Gallic acid | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 2.9 Microgram/gram | UHPLC-MS-MS | No resolvable identifier |
| Heraclenol | Aerial part of plants | — | — | Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry | No resolvable identifier |
| Hydrocyanic acid | Leaves | Powder | 98.25 Milligram/100 gram | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Oxalates | Leaves | Powder | 140.8 Milligram/100 gram | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Peganine | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | 0.008 Percent | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Phlobotannins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Phytic acid | Leaves | Powder | 210.07 Milligram/100 gram | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Saponin glycosides | Leaves | Powder | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Saponins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Saponins | Leaves | Powder | 650 Milligram/100 gram | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Swainsonine | Unspecified | — | — | — | No resolvable identifier |
| Tannins | Leaves | Solvent extraction | — | Phytochemical screening | No resolvable identifier |
| Umbelliferone | Leaves | Solvent extraction | 668.7 Microgram/gram | UHPLC-MS-MS | No resolvable identifier |
| Vasicinone | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.0026 Percent | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
| Vasicinone | Roots and other underground parts | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.0023 Percent | Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) | No resolvable identifier |
Recorded adverse effects
Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.
| Effect | Target tissue | Plant part | Preparation | Test organism | Test type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endocrine | Glandular: thyroid | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Cattle (as animal) | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Immunotoxicity | Cardiovascular / haematological: lymph nodes | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | — | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Nephrotoxicity | Urogenital: kidneys | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Goat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Nephrotoxicity | Urogenital: kidneys | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Goat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Nephrotoxicity | Digestive: pancreas | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | — | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Nephrotoxicity | Urogenital: kidneys | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Cattle (as animal) | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic: central nervous system | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Goat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic: central nervous system | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Goat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Neurotoxicity | Brain | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | — | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic: central nervous system | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | — | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Cattle (as animal) | Case report | Resolve DOI |
| Other toxicities | Cardiovascular / haematological: lymph nodes | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Goat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Other toxicities | Cardiovascular / haematological: lymph nodes | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Goat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | Resolve DOI |
| Digestive | Liver | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Digestive | Liver | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Hemopoietic | Cardiovascular / haematological | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Hemopoietic | Cardiovascular / haematological | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Nephrotoxicity | Urogenital: kidneys | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Horse (as animal) | Case report | No resolvable identifier |
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Ruminants (generic) (as animal) | Case report | No resolvable identifier |
| Neurotoxicity | Brain | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Horse (as animal) | Case report | No resolvable identifier |
| Neurotoxicity | Neurologic | Aerial part of plants | Fresh | Horse (as animal) | Case report | No resolvable identifier |
| Reproductive | Uterus | Leaves | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Reproductive | Uterus | Leaves | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Reproduction toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Systemic | Digestive | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
| Systemic | Digestive | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | Rat (as animal) | Short-term toxicity | No resolvable identifier |
Cited sources
The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.
- Konate Kiessoun., Bassole Imael Henri Nestor., Hilou Adama., Aworet-Samseny Raissa R R., Souza Alain., Barro Nicolas., Dicko Mamoudou H., Datte Jacques Y., M'Batchi Bertrand. Toxicity assessment and analgesic activity investigation of aqueous acetone extracts of Sida acuta Burn f . and Sida cordifolia L. (Malvaceae), medicinal plants of Burkina Faso. Bmc complementary and alternative medicine, 2012, vol. 12, p. 120.
- Dhalwal, Kamlesh., Shinde, Vaibhav M., Mahadik, Kakasaheb R. Optimization and validation of reverse phase HPLC and HPTLC method for simultaneous quantification of vasicine and vasicinone in Sida Species . Journal of medicinal plants research, 2010, vol. 4, no. 13, p. 1289-1296.
- Kumar, V., Sharma, A., Bhardwaj, R., Thukral, Ashwani Kumar. Polyphenol profiling in the leaves of plants from the catchment area of river Beas, India. International journal of pharma and bio sciences, 2015, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 1005-1012.
- Adeniyi, S. A., Orjiekwe, C. L., Ehiagbonare, J. E., Arimah, B. D. Preliminary phytochemical analysis and insecticidal activity of ethanolic extracts of four tropical plants (Vernonia amygdalina, Sida acuta, Ocimum gratissimum and Telfaria occidentalis) against beans weevil (Acanthscelides obtectus) . International journal of the physical sciences, 2010, vol. 5, no. 6, p. 753-762.
- Anjos, Bruno L., Peixoto, Paulo V., Graca, Flavio A. S., Caldas, Saulo A., Bhaltazar, Daniel., Franca, Ticiana N., Armien, Anibal G. POISONING BY THE SWAINSONINE-CONTAINING PLANT SIDA CARPINIFOLIA IN CAPTIVE SAMBAR DEER (CERVUS UNICOLOR) . Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine, 2016, vol. 47, no. 3, p. 862-867.
- Londonkar, R.L., Patil, S.J., Patil, S.B. Phytochemical and contraceptive property of Sida acuta Burm FI. IIN. in albio rats. International journal of pharmtech research, 2009, vol. 1, no. 4, p. 1260-1266.
- Enin, G. N., Antia, B. S., Enin, F. G. Chemical assessment of the proximate, minerals and anti-nutrients composition of Sida acuta leaves. Elixir international journal, 2014, vol. (June), 24654-24660, p. 7 pp.
- Oboh, I.E., Onwukaeme, D.N. Pharmacognostic evaluation of the leaves of Sida acuta Burm.F. (Malvaceae). Journal of phytomedicine and therapeutics, 2007, vol. 12, p. 56-65.
- Cao, J H., Qi, Y P. Studies on the chemical constituents of the herb huanghuaren (Sida acuta Burm. f.) . . Zhongguo zhong yao za zhi = zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = china journal of chinese materia medica, 1993, vol. 18, no. 11, p. 681-703.
- Zafar, Rasheed-uz., Ahmad, Sayeed. HPTLC finger prints of Ephedra gerardiana wall and Sida acuta burm. Analytical chemistry: an indian journal, 2006, vol. 2(5-6), p. 212-215.
- Chatterjee, Arnab., Kumar, Satyanshu., Chattopadhyay, Sunil K. A validated HPLC-PDA method for identification and quantification of two bioactive alkaloids, ephedrine and cryptolepine, in different Sida species . Biomedical chromatography, 2013, vol. 27, no. 12, p. 1720-1725. DOI
- Pedroso, P.M.O., Von Hohendorf, R., De Oliveira, L.G.S., Schmitz, M., Da Cruz, C.E.F., Driemeier, D. SID a carpinifolia (Malvaceae) poisoning in fallow deer (Dama Dama). Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine, 2009, vol. 40, no. 3, p. 583-585. DOI
- Pedroso, P.M., Colodel, E.M., Seitz, A.L., Correa, G.L., Soares, M.P., Driemeier, D. Pathological findings in fetuses of goats and cattle poisoned by Sida carpinifolia (malvaceae). Pesquisa veterinaria brasileira, 2012, vol. 32, no. 3, p. 227-230. DOI
- Loretti, A.P., Colodel, E.M., Gimeno, E.J., Driemeier, D. Lysosomal storage disease in Sida carpinifolia toxicosis: An induced mannosidosis in horses. Equine veterinary journal, 2003, vol. 35, no. 5, p. 434-438.
Boundary
A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.
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