Botanical species · safety record

Solanum torvum

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 23 constituent measurements and 2 adverse-effect records for Solanum torvum. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Solanum torvum Sw.

23Constituent measurements

2Safety records

8Cited sources

1Licensed products (Canada)

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 1 licensed products naming Solanum torvum as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Source material stated

Root
Stem(s)

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Alkaloids	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC-UV	Resolve DOI
Salicylates	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Solamargine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≥ 1 Milligram/piece	HPLC-UV	Resolve DOI
Solamargine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≤ 2.2 Milligram/piece	HPLC-UV	Resolve DOI
Solasonine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≥ 0.1 Milligram/piece	HPLC-UV	Resolve DOI
Solasonine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	≤ 0.6 Milligram/piece	HPLC-UV	Resolve DOI
Steroidal furostan saponins	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Steroidal saponins	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Steroidal saponins	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Steroidal spirostane saponins	Aerial part of plants	Solvent extraction	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	Resolve DOI
Alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	0.12 Percent	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	No resolvable identifier
Alpha-chaconine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	No resolvable identifier
Alpha-solanine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	No resolvable identifier
Cyanide	Leaves	Solvent extraction	13.2 Milligram/kilogram	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Furan derivatives	Leaves	Essential oil	1.8 Percent	GC-MS	No resolvable identifier
Nitrates	Leaves	Solvent extraction	16.1 Milligram/gram	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Nitrites	Leaves	Solvent extraction	8.91 Milligram/gram	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Oxalates	Leaves	Solvent extraction	0.18 Percent	Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests)	No resolvable identifier
Solamargine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	No resolvable identifier
Solamargine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	No resolvable identifier
Solasodine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	No resolvable identifier
Solasonine	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	No resolvable identifier
Solasonine	Fruit unspecified	Solvent extraction	—	HPLC with standard detection methods	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Fruit unspecified	—	Human (as organism)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Fruit unspecified	—	Human (as organism)	Case report	No resolvable identifier

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Smith, Silas W., Giesbrecht, Esther., Thompson, Margaret., Nelson, Lewis S., Hoffman, Robert S. Solanaceous steroidal glycoalkaloids and poisoning by Solanum torvum, the normally edible susumber berry. TOXICON, 2008, vol. 52, no. 6, p. 667-676. DOI
Ogunwande, Isiaka A., Avoseh, Nudewhenu O., Flamini, Guido., Hassan, Alimot-Sadiat O., Ogunmoye, AbdulRazaq O., Ogunsanwo, Akindele O., Yusuf, Kamorudeen O., Kelechi, Atuonwu O., Tiamiyu, Zainab A., Tabowei, Godgift O. Essential Oils from the Leaves of Six Medicinal Plants of Nigeria. NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS, 2013, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 243-248.
Perez-Amador, M. C., Ocotero, V. Munoz., Castaneda, J. M. Garcia., Esquinca, A. R. Gonzalez. Alkaloids in Solanum torvum Sw (Solanaceae). PHYTON-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY, 2007, vol. 76, p. 39-45.
Glover, Robert L., Connors, Nicholas J., Stefan, Cristiana., Wong, Ernest., Hoffman, Robert S., Nelson, Lewis S., Milstein, Mark., Smith, Silas W., Swerdlow, Michael. Electromyographic and laboratory findings in acute Solanum torvum poisoning*. Clinical Toxicology, 2016, p. 61-65.
Lu, Yuanyuan., Luo, Jianguang., Huang, Xuefeng., Kong, Lingyi. Four new steroidal glycosides from Solanum torvum and their cytotoxic activities. STEROIDS, 2009, vol. 74, no. 1, p. 95-101. DOI
Li, Jinsheng., Zhang, Lu., Huang, Cheng., Guo, Fujiang., Li, Yiming. Five new cyotoxic steroidal glycosides from the fruits of Solanum torvum. FITOTERAPIA, 2014, vol. 93, p. 209-215. DOI
Simaratanamongkol, Arunee., Umehara, Kaoru., Niki, Hiroki., Noguchi, Hiroshi., Panichayupakaranant, Pharkphoom. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Solanum torvum and isolation of a novel methyl salicylate glycoside. JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS, 2014, vol. 11, p. 557-562. DOI
Abatan, M. O., Arowolo, R. O., Olurunsogo, O. O. Phytochemical analysis of some commonly occurring poisonous plants in Nigerian pastures . Tropical veterinarian, 1997, vol. 15, no. 1-2, p. 49-54.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature