Botanical species · safety record

Sophora tonkinensis

The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 10 constituent measurements and 5 adverse-effect records for Sophora tonkinensis. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.

Accepted name in source: Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep.

10Constituent measurements

5Safety records

7Cited sources

28Licensed products (Canada)

Also recorded as

Sophora subprostrata Chun & T.Chen

Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.

Regulatory presence

Health Canada's Licensed Natural Health Products Database holds 28 licensed products naming Sophora tonkinensis as a medicinal ingredient, matched on the exact Latin binomial. A licence records that a product met the regulator's requirements for sale in Canada. It is not evidence that the product works.

Extract types on licence

Source material stated

Dried rhizome
Dried root and rhizome
Dried root(s)
Rhizome
Rhizome and root(s)
Root
Root and Rhizome
Root and rhizome

What the records describe

Constituents measured

Plant parts

Preparations

Effect types

Target tissues

Recorded constituents

What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.

Substance	Plant part	Preparation	Concentration	Analytical method	Source
Alkaloids	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	Resolve DOI
Cytisine	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	5.63 Milligram/gram	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Isoflavonoids	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	Resolve DOI
Matrine	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	27.63 Milligram/gram	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Oxymatrine	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	16.2 Milligram/gram	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Phenylpropenoids	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC)	Resolve DOI
Tonkinensine a	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	Resolve DOI
Tonkinensine b	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	—	Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)	Resolve DOI
Alkaloids	Leaves	Solvent extraction	—	Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography)	No resolvable identifier
Pterocarpans	Unspecified	—	—	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)	No resolvable identifier

Recorded adverse effects

Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.

Effect	Target tissue	Plant part	Preparation	Test organism	Test type	Source
Hepatotoxicity	Liver	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Subchronic	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	Human (as organism)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Roots and other underground parts	—	Human (as organism)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Neurotoxicity	Neurologic: central nervous system	Roots and other underground parts	—	Human (as organism)	Case report	Resolve DOI
Systemic	Liver	Roots and other underground parts	Solvent extraction	House mouse (as animal)	Acute toxicity	Resolve DOI

Cited sources

The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.

Wang, Liping., Lu, Jinyao., Sun, Wei., Gu, Yingmin., Zhang, Chaochao., Jin, Ruomin., Li, Lingyong., Zhang, Zean., Tian, Xuesong. Hepatotoxicity induced by radix Sophorae tonkinensis in mice and increased serum cholinesterase as a potential supplemental biomarker for liver injury . Experimental and toxicologic pathology, 2017, vol. 69, no. 4, p. 193-202. DOI
Long, Jin-qiao., Lin, Hua., Yang, Xiang-dong., Zhao, Jing-feng., Li, Liang. Study on the chemical constituents of Sophora tonkinensis from Guangxi. Yunnan daxue xuebao, ziran kexueban, 2011, vol. 33, no. 1, p. 72-76.
Wang, XP., Yang, RM. Movement disorders possibly induced by traditional Chinese herbs. European neurology, 2003, vol. 50, no. 3, p. 153-159. DOI
Pan, Qi-Ming., Huang, Ri-Zhen., Pan, Ying-Ming., Wang, Heng-Shan., Liang, Dong. Studies on chemical constituents of rhizomes of Sophora tonkinensis .. Zhongguo zhong yao za zhi = zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = china journal of chinese materia medica, 2016, vol. 41, no. 1, p. 96-100. DOI
Li, Xing-Nuo., Lu, Zhi-Qiang., Qin, Song., Yan, Hai-Xia., Yang, Min., Guan, Shu-Hong., Liu, Xuan., Hua, Hui-Ming., Wu, Li-Jun., Guo, De-An. Tonkinensines A and B, two novel alkaloids from Sophora tonkinensis. Tetrahedron letters, 2008, vol. 49, no. 23, p. 3797-3801. DOI
Pan, Qi-Ming., Zhang, Gui-Jie., Huang, Ri-Zhen., Pan, Ying-Ming., Wang, Heng-Shan., Liang, Dong. Cytisine-type alkaloids and flavonoids from the rhizomes of Sophora tonkinensis . Journal of asian natural products research, 2016, vol. 18, no. 5, p. 429-435. DOI
Xiao, P., Kubo, H., Komiya, H., Higashiyama, K., Yan, YN., Li, JS., Ohmiya, S. (-)-14 beta-acetoxymatrine and (+)-14 alpha-acetoxymatrine, two new matrine-type lupin alkaloids from the leaves of Sophora tonkinensis . Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1999, vol. 47, no. 3, p. 448-450.

Boundary

A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.

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Independent literature