Botanical species · safety record
Viola philippica
The EFSA Compendium of Botanicals holds 12 constituent measurements and 1 adverse-effect record for Viola philippica. This page reports what those source records contain and how to reach them. It carries no effect estimate, no dose and no recommendation.
Accepted name in source: Viola philippica Cav.
Also recorded as
Synonyms are carried from the source compendium. A species may be traded and studied under more than one name, which is exactly how a safety record gets lost.
Regulatory presence
No Health Canada licensed natural health product in the snapshot names this species as a medicinal ingredient under this exact binomial. Absence here means absence from this one register under this one name, not absence from trade, and not a safety verdict.
What the records describe
Constituents measured
- Esculetin3
- Scopoletin3
- Cichoriin2
- Euphorbetin2
- Coumarins1
- P-coumaric acid1
Plant parts
- Live plants9
- Aerial part of plants3
- Unspecified1
Preparations
- Solvent extraction13
Effect types
- Digestive1
Target tissues
- Digestive1
Recorded constituents
What analytical work has found in this species, at which plant part and preparation. A measured constituent is a fact about material, not about effect.
| Substance | Plant part | Preparation | Concentration | Analytical method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coumarins | Unspecified | Solvent extraction | — | Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) | Resolve DOI |
| Esculetin | Aerial part of plants | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | Resolve DOI |
| P-coumaric acid | Aerial part of plants | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | Resolve DOI |
| Scopoletin | Aerial part of plants | Solvent extraction | — | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | Resolve DOI |
| Cichoriin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≤ 2.843 Milligram/gram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Cichoriin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.041 Milligram/gram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Esculetin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≤ 17.552 Milligram/gram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Esculetin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≥ 1.245 Milligram/gram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Euphorbetin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.451 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Euphorbetin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≤ 1.921 Milligram/kilogram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopoletin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≥ 0.012 Milligram/gram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
| Scopoletin | Live plants | Solvent extraction | ≤ 0.087 Milligram/gram | HPLC-UV | No resolvable identifier |
Recorded adverse effects
Adverse effects reported in the source literature, most often in animal or laboratory models at a stated preparation and dose.
| Effect | Target tissue | Plant part | Preparation | Test organism | Test type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digestive | Digestive | Live plants | Solvent extraction | — | In vitro | No resolvable identifier |
Cited sources
The literature the compendium cites for this species. Metatron Health has no relationship with these authors or journals and earns nothing from citing them.
- Hong, Jun-Li., Zhou, Hai-Yan., Zhu, Jie., Li, Li., Shu, Pan., Qin, Xiao-Ying., Wu, Gang., Lin, Bin-Bin., Wang, Guo-Kai., Wang, Qiang., Qin, Min-Jian. Comparative analysis of major constituents in Viola yedoensis Makino and different species from the Genus Viola by high-performance liquid chromatography with chemometrics methods . Journal of medicinal plants research, 2011, vol. 5, no. 21, p. 5230-5239.
- Oshima, Naohiro., Narukawa, Yuji., Takeda, Tadahiro., Kiuchi, Fumiyuki. Collagenase inhibitors from Viola yedoensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL MEDICINES, 2013, vol. 67, no. 1, p. 240-245. DOI
- Zhou Hai-Yan., Qin Min-Jian., Hong Jun-Li., Ni Yue-Juan., Wu Gang. Chemical Constituents of Viola yedoensis. Chinese journal of natural medicines, 2009, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 290-292. DOI
- Zhang, Lin., Li, Meng-Yan., Wang, Li-Wei., Gao, Jie., Ma, Chao-Mei. Isolation, identification, quantification and inhibitory activity on HCV protease of coumarins from Viola yedoensis. Canadian chemical transactions, 2013, p. 157-164.
Boundary
A constituent measurement is a fact about material at a stated preparation, not a statement about what that material does in a person. An adverse-effect or genotoxicity record is an observation reported in a source, most often in an animal or laboratory model. Neither is a Metatron Health conclusion about causality, human risk or benefit, and the absence of a record is not proof that a preparation is safe. Nothing here is diagnosis, prescribing or individual medical care.
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